某中学诺如病毒引起感染性腹泻暴发疫情分析  

Analysis of an outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus in a middle school

作　　者：梁永坚[1] Liang Yongjian(Department of Immunization,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shunde District,Foshan 528300,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市顺德区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,528300

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2019年第13期2118-2120,共3页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目的通过分析某中学诺如病毒引起感染性腹泻暴发疫情,并采取有效的防治措施。方法分析2017年于某中学一起诺如病毒引起的感染性腹泻暴发状况;通过现场调查、采集相关现场样本实施实验室检测等,分析诺如病毒引起感染性腹泻流行病学特点、样本病毒检查结果等。结果患者表现为恶心(73.3%)、呕吐(81.3%)、腹痛(74.7%)、腹泻(62.7%)、发热(26.7%)、头痛(16.0%)症状,包括学生71例(94.7%),教师4例(5.3%)。实验室调查中食品样本阳性率为20.0%,学生、教师、食堂工作人员肛拭子阳性率为33.3%,感染类型为诺如病毒GⅠ型7例,诺如病毒GⅡ型3例。原因分析为食源性传播。在疫情发生后学校食堂立即停止供应餐食,对学校食堂、教学楼、宿舍等区域进行全面清洁、消毒处理。75例患者发病后立即送至附近医院隔离治疗后均康复。结论食源性传播是中学诺如病毒引起感染性腹泻暴发疫情的重要原因,需加强饮食安全监管。Objective To analyze the outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus in a middle school and take effective prevention measures. Methods In 2017, an outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus occurred in a middle school;and the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus were analyzed through on-site investigation and laboratory samples. Results The patients presented with nausea (73.3%), vomiting (81.3%), abdominal pain (74.7%), diarrhea (62.7%), fever (26.7%), and headache (16.0%), including 71 students (94.7%) and 4 teachers (5.3%). The positive rate of food samples in the laboratory survey was 20.0%. The positive rate of anal swabs among students, teachers, and canteen staff was 33.3%. 7 cases were of Norovirus GI type, and 3 cases were of Norovirus GII type. Foodborne transmission was the cause. After the outbreak, the school canteen immediately stopped serving meals;and the school canteens,teaching buildings,and dormitory areas were thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. Seventy-five patients were immediately sent to a nearby hospital for isolation and treatment. Conclusion The food-borne transmission is an important cause of infectious diarrhea outbreak caused by Norovirus in middle school. It is necessary to strengthen food safety supervision.

关 键 词：中学 诺如病毒 感染性腹泻 疫情 流行病学 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.8[医药卫生—临床医学]