拟菱形藻软骨藻酸产生影响因素及检测方法研究进展  

Advances in the influencing factors and detection methods of Domoic acid produced from Pseudo-nitzschia diatom

作　　者：王生福 杨傲傲 刘华雪[3] 李修岭[2] 李伟斯 王士满 WANG Shengfu;YANG Aoao;LIU Huaxue;LI Xiuling;LI Weisi;WANG Shiman(Linyi agricultural science and technology Career Academy,Linyi 276000,China;College of Life Science,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China;South Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 51000,China;Linyi Environmental Monitor Station,Linyi 276000,China;Shandong Juncheng Environment Detection Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂农业科技职业学院,山东临沂276000 [2]临沂大学生命科学学院,山东临沂276000 [3]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广州510000 [4]临沂市环境监测站,山东临沂276000 [5]山东君成环境检测有限公司,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2019年第3期34-44,共11页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2018PC003)

摘　　要：软骨藻酸是一种主要由海洋硅藻中的拟菱形藻属(Pseudo-nitzschia)藻类产生的具有强烈神经毒性的物质,该类物质可以与谷氨酸神经递质的受体相结合,影响生物体内正常的神经信号传递,导致神经系统紊乱,并对与记忆有关的区域产生明显的神经毒性作用。作为一种天然的海洋药物,软骨藻酸还可以用于害虫的防治及科学研究等领域。为了更好地研究其产毒机理、有效预防其危害、合理开发利用其杀虫特性,文章综述了软骨藻酸的理化性质,重点分析了影响软骨藻酸产生的主要因素,包括藻种种类及生长周期、营养元素、细菌和微量金属等。这些因素或是间接影响藻类的生长环境,或是直接作用于细胞的生理活动,从而影响软骨藻酸的产生。总结分析了目前测定软骨藻酸含量的常用技术方法,如生物分析法、高效液相色谱法、酶联免疫测定、湿度光照和生物传感器等,阐述各种技术的适用情况,认为高效液相色谱、ELISA检测盒及快捷检测试纸条具有更高应用价值。同时,文章对软骨藻酸未来的研究方向和产业应用进行了展望,以期在预防其危害的同时充分开发利用其潜在价值。Domoic acid(DA)is a kind of neuro-toxins mainly produced by Pseudo-nitzschia diatom.DA can combine with the receptors of glutamate of neurotransmitters,affect the normal nerve signal transmission of organism,and then cause nervous system disorders and significant neurotoxic effects on memory-related areas of brain.Meanwhile,as a kind of natural marine drugs,DA can also be used for scientific research and pest prevention and control.In order to further study its toxigenic mechanism and prevent its harm,the paper was reviewed the physicochemical properties of DA,emphatically analyzed the effect factors of DA production,including phytoplankton species and growth cycles,bacteria,nutrient elements,trace metals,etc,which indirectly affect the growth environment or directly affect the physiological activities of the cells,and then affect the production of DA.Moreover,the paper was also summarized current technical methods for the determination of DA,for example,bioassay,high performance liquid chromatography method,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),biosensor and so on.Finally,the DA research trend and its industrial applications were prospected in order to prevent its harm and fully exploits potential value.

关 键 词：软骨藻酸 拟菱形藻 产量 高效液相色谱 影响因素 检测方法 营养限制 

分 类 号：Q946.8[生物学—植物学]