苎麻耐镉种质快速筛选方法研究  

Study of Fast Screening Methods for Cadmium Tolerant Germplasm of Ramie

作　　者：陈坤梅[1] 熊和平[1] 朱爱国[1] 陈平[1] 陈继康[1] 高钢[1] 喻春明[1] CHEN Kunmei;XIONG Heping;ZHU Aiguo;CHEN Ping;CHEN Jikang;GAO Gang;YU Chunming(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2019年第3期97-103,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFD0800900);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610242016010);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-19-E02)

摘　　要：苎麻是我国特色天然纤维作物,对镉有高耐、高富集作用,是镉污染土壤修复的理想植物。为了快速筛选苎麻耐镉种质,分别采用组培、水培和土培的方式对苎麻种子苗进行耐镉试验,研究分析了在不同镉浓度胁迫下苎麻种子苗的发芽率、根长及其生长状况。结果表明:通过组培筛选,至少需40d才能出现明显的镉胁迫症状,达到筛选的目的;通过水培筛选,7~13d就可鉴定表型,达到筛选的目的,但筛选后的苗根系生长受到抑制,移栽至土壤中存活率可能易受影响;通过土培筛选,自种子点播起30d内便出现明显表型,达到筛选目的,且由于本就在固体介质中筛选,筛选出的种苗再移栽至土壤中也易于存活。研究表明,通过土培的方式可以快速、简便地筛选耐镉苎麻种子,有利于加快苎麻育种进程。To fast screening out cadmium tolerant germplasm of ramie, three methods-tissue culture, hydroculture and soil culture were performed in this study. The germination rate, root length and growth of ramie seedlings under different cadmium concentrations were recorded. Using tissue culture screening, it took at least 40 days for obvious symptoms of cadmium stress in order to achieve the purpose of screening;Through hydroponic screening;phenotypes can be identified in 7-13 days to achieve the purpose of screening. However, the root growth of surviving seedlings was inhibited, which could affect the survival rate of these seedlings when they were transplanted;Through soil culture screening, obvious phenotypes appeared within 30 days after sowing, and the seedlings screened in solid medium were easy to survive after transplanting into soil. This study showed that cadmium-tolerant ramie seeds could be quickly and easily screened out by soil culture screening, which is beneficial to speed up the process of ramie breeding.

关 键 词：苎麻 种子苗 耐镉 筛选方法 

分 类 号：S563.1[农业科学—作物学]