春季对流层温度的季内和季节以上分量对南海夏季风爆发的年代际变化的相对影响  

RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION OF INTRA-SEASONAL AND ABOVE SEASONAL COMPONENTS OF TROPOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE TO THE INTERDECADAL CHANGE OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON ONSET

作　　者：尤俊丽 简茂球 林晓霞 YOU Jun-li;JIAN Mao-qiu;LIN Xiao-xia(School of Atmospheric Sciences,and Center for Monsoon and Environment Research,and Guangdong Prince Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519082,China;Guangdong Meteorological Observation Data Center,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学大气科学学院/季风与环境研究中心/广东省气候变化与自然灾害研究重点实验室,广东广州510275 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519082 [3]广东省气象探测数据中心,广东广州510641

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2019年第3期313-323,共11页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”专项项目(2016YFA0600601);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB953901);国家自然科学基金项目(41475049、41530530);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作研究项目(41661144019);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(16lgjc05)共同资助

摘　　要：南海夏季风爆发时间在1993/1994年出现显著的年代际提早,探讨了大气要素场的不同时间尺度分量季节演变的年代际变异对南海夏季风爆发时间的年代际变异的相对影响作用。南海夏季风爆发时间的年代际提早与南海季风区对流层经向温度梯度季节性逆转的年代际提早有密切联系。南海季风区5月中对流层经向温度梯度年代际增强主要由季风区北部温度的年代际显著增暖造成。季内分量和季节以上分量对1993年之前南海季风区经向温度梯度逆转及加强时间偏晚的作用同等重要。经向温度梯度距平的季节以上分量主要源于季风区北部温度相应分量的贡献,而季节内分量则主要由南部相应分量影响所致,并由25~90 d分量所主导。季节以上分量对1994年之后南海季风区经向温度梯度逆转及加强时间偏早的贡献要大于季节内分量的贡献。经向温度梯度距平的季节以上分量和季内分量对总距平的正贡献都主要来自于季风区北部温度相应分量。两种季内低频分量对温度梯度季内分量的贡献率相当,10~25 d分量主要由南海北部温度相应分量所主导,25~90 d分量对总距平的正贡献也源自北部分量。准双周振荡分量对各年代南海夏季风爆发具有明显的触发作用。The South China Sea summer monsoon(SCSSM)onset experiences evidently an interdecadal change around mid-1990 s.This study examines the relative contribution of different time-scale components of tropospheric temperature to the interdecadal change of the SCSSM onset.The interdecadal advanced onset of SCSSM is closely linked to the interdecadal advance of the seasonal reversion of temperature meridional gradient(TMG)over the SCSSM region.The interdecadal enhancement of the TMG over the SCSSM region in mid-May is mainly contributed by the evident interdecadal warming of tropospheric temperature over the northern part of the SCSSM region.Both intraseasonal and above seasonal components exert evident influence on the late seasonal reversion of TMG in the period prior to 1993.The TMG above seasonal component is mainly controlled by the corresponding counterpart of tropospheric temperature over the northern part of the SCSSM region,while the TMG intraseasonal component dominant on 25-90-day is contributed by the corresponding counterpart of tropospheric temperature over the southern part of the SCSSM region.The above seasonal component devotes a greater contribution than the intraseasonal component to the interdecadal advance of the seasonal reversion of temperature meridional gradient(TMG)over the SCSSM region in the period post 1994,and both intraseasonal and above seasonal TMG components are controlled by the counterparts over the northern part of the SCSSM region.Furthermore,the10-25-day and 25-90-day components make an equal contribution to the intraseasonal time-scale component of TMG,and two intraseasonal components are mainly controlled by the counterparts over the northern part of the SCSSM region.The quasi-biweekly component exerts evidently a triggering effect on the SCSSM onset for each period.

关 键 词：南海夏季风 爆发 年代际变异 季节内变化与季节以上变化 

分 类 号：P425.4.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]