环境温度对多相混合物爆炸特性影响的实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Effects of Ambient Temperature on Explosion Characteristics of Multiphase Mixtures

作　　者：白春华[1] 张成均 刘楠[1] 姚宁 BAI Chunhua;ZHANG Chengjun;LIU Nan;YAO Ning(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2019年第4期180-186,共7页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11732003)

摘　　要：为了研究环境温度对以铝粉、乙醚、硝基甲烷为原料的气液固多相混合物爆炸特性的影响,利用 20 L球型爆炸罐,在不同环境温度(20~50 ℃)下,实验研究了温度变化对混合物的爆炸超压、最大爆炸压力上升速率和爆炸下限的影响。结果表明:实验工况下,乙醚的爆炸特性参数随温度升高而降低;铝粉的爆炸特性参数受温度影响较小;气液固多相混合物的爆炸压力随温度升高略微下降,最大爆炸压力上升速率先升后降,存在一个最佳浓度配比使爆炸威力最佳;气液固多相混合物的爆炸下限随温度升高而下降,在绝大部分易挥发物质汽化后,混合物下限趋于稳定。In order to explore the influence of ambient temperature on the explosion properties of aluminium/ether/nitromethane gas-fluid-solid multiphase mixtures, we use a 20 L spherical explosion tank to experimentally obtain the effect of temperature on the mixture explosion over pressure, the maximum explosion pressure rise rate and the lower explosive limit. The results show that: under the experimental condition, the explosive characteristic parameters of ether decrease with the increase of temperature. The explosion characteristic parameters of aluminum powder are less affected by the changing temperature. The explosion pressure of gas-liquid-solid polyphase mixture decreases slightly with the increase of temperature, and the maximum explosion pressure rises first and then decreases. There is an optimum concentration ratio for the optimum explosion power. The lower explosive limit of gas-liquid-solid polyphase mixture decreases with the increase of temperature, and the lower limit of mixture tends to be stable after gasification of most volatile substances.

关 键 词：环境温度 爆炸特性 爆炸下限 多相混合物 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]