非洲猪瘟病毒编码蛋白功能研究进展  

Advances in the functions of African swine fever virus-encoded proteins

作　　者：王晓丽[1] 孙蕾[2] 刘文军[2] 商营利[1] WANG Xiao-Li;SUN Lei;LIU Wen-Jun;SHANG Ying-Li(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention,College of Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 27101 & China;CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省动物生物工程与疫病防治重点实验室,山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018 [2]中国科学院病原微生物与免疫学重点实验室,中国科学院微生物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2019年第7期1827-1836,共10页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0840402);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2017MC021);山东省“双一流”学科建设专项经费~~

摘　　要：非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染家猪或野猪引起的一种急性、出血性、高度接触性传染病,其特征是病程短、高热和出血性病变,急性感染死亡率高达100%,严重威胁全球养猪业但目前尚未开发出有效的疫苗和治疗方法。ASFV是非洲猪瘟病毒科非洲猪瘟病毒属的唯一成员,为大型双链DNA病毒,主要在巨噬细胞胞质中复制,其基因组约170-193kb,含有150-167个开放阅读框,编码150-200种蛋白质。目前已知功能的病毒编码蛋白约有50个,大部分为病毒的结构蛋白,仍有一半以上的ASFV编码蛋白功能尚不清楚。除结构蛋白以外,病毒含有完整的酶和与病毒转录有关的因子,编码调节宿主细胞功能及与病毒免疫逃逸相关的蛋白等。本文综述了ASFV的结构蛋白、非结构蛋白以及参与免疫逃逸等相关蛋白功能的研究进展,以期为ASFV病毒蛋白研究及疫苗研发提供相关借鉴。African swine fever(ASF) is an acute,hemorrhagic and severe infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus(ASFV) in domestic or wild pigs,which is characterized by short course,high fever and hemorrhagic lesions as well as 100% mortality rate of acute infection.So far,there is no effective vaccine available for ASF.ASFV is a large,double stranded DNA virus and the only member of the Asfarviridae family,Asfivirus genus,which replicates predominantly in the cytoplasm of macrophages.The genome of ASFV ranges in length from 170 to 193 kb depending on the isolate and contains 150 to167 open reading frames(ORFs),encoding 150 to 200 proteins.However,only about 50 encoded proteins are functionally known and most of them are viral structure proteins.In addition to structure proteins,ASFV also have a full complement of enzymes and factors or other nonstructural proteins that are involved in regulation of the viral transcription,viral DNA repair,viral invasion of host cells,and viral-mediated modification of host cell function and evasion from host defense.In this review,we summarize the current knowledge of functions of ASFV-encoded proteins and anticipate to provide valuable information for future study and vaccine development.

关 键 词：非洲猪瘟病毒 结构蛋白 非结构蛋白 病毒复制 免疫逃逸 

分 类 号：S852.651[农业科学—基础兽医学]