中国上古时期的媒介革命:“巫史理性化”与文字功能的转变及其影响  

Form Oracle-bones to Bronze Wares: The Rationality of Witchcraft and the Transformation of Ancient Chinese Characters

作　　者：赵云泽[1] 董翊宸[1] Zhao Yunze;Dong Yichen

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学新闻学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2019年第7期92-106,128,共16页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：中国人民大学“中国传播思想史与古典文献研究”项目(项目批准号:18XNLG07)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：通过对甲骨文、鼎彝金文起源、孕育文化及记述内容的详细考察后发现,甲骨文向金文转变,并不是简单的文字介质转变,而是伴随着"巫史理性化"过程的一次媒介革命。它标志着宗教信仰、权力结构、社会文化、文字传播内容的全面颠覆性的变革。以卜辞为内容的甲骨文转向沟通社会事务为内容的鼎彝金文,意味着文字从"人与神"的媒介转变为"人与人"的媒介,完成了社会理性交往战胜原始宗教的第一步。周作为中国历史上第一个超越血缘的文明共同体也由此诞生,以世俗文化为主的中华文明的基石也由此奠定。The functional the transformation of ancient Chinese characters was crucial in shaping the outline of Chinese civilization. In late Shang dynasty,the inscriptions on oracle-bones were supposed to be the main communicating tool between men and gods. Their political function was based on mysterious rituals. The primitive witchcrafts were both the cradle and the cage for the characters. In Zhou dynasty,the official historians’ separation from wizards indicate a great leap of rationality. A sophisticated feudal system had been established in which characters gradually became the media of human-to-human. Social contracts based on li improved Chinese characters to move from oracle-bones to bronze wares for building a new form of communication.

关 键 词：巫史文化 理性化 文字功能 甲骨文 鼎彝金文 

分 类 号：G206.2[文化科学—传播学]