背负式静电喷雾器静电喷施对2种玉米田除草剂的减量效应  

The decrement effect of two maize herbicides under the condition of electrostatic spray by knapsack electrostatic sprayer

作　　者：岳德成 胡冠芳[2] 李青梅 韩菊红 史广亮 柳建伟 姜延军 漆永红[2] YUE Decheng;HU Guanfang;LI Qingmei;HAN Juhong;SHI Guangliang;LIU Jianwei;JIANG Yanjun;QI Yonghong(Institute of Pingliang Agricultural Sciences,Pingliang 744000,China;Institute ofPlant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省平凉市农业科学院,平凉744000 [2]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护》2019年第4期243-249,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院院地科技合作项目(2015GAAS07);甘肃省玉米产业技术体系病虫害鉴定与防控研究岗位(GARS-02-03);甘肃省科技支撑计划(1011NKCA065);平凉市农业科学院科技计划项目(2014018)

摘　　要：为了明确背负式静电喷雾器静电喷施对玉米田除草剂的减量效应,以土壤处理除草剂40%乙·莠SE和茎叶处理除草剂30%苯唑草酮SC+90%莠去津WG+专用助剂作为参试除草剂,测定了背负式静电喷雾器在不同施药剂量下的静电喷施效果。结果表明:背负式静电喷雾器静电喷施对40%乙·莠SE和30%苯唑草酮SC+90%莠去津WG+专用助剂均有明显的减量效应。当40%乙·莠SE和30%苯唑草酮SC+90%莠去津WG+专用助剂中90%莠去津WG的施用量分别降至2 850 mL/hm 2和825 g/hm 2时,较各自推荐施用量分别减少用药量36.67%和21.43%,对玉米田主要杂草仍有理想的控制效果,株防效超过64%,鲜重防效超过95%;并可最大限度地改善玉米茎、穗部性状,减轻对玉米产量的影响,较人工除草分别减产1.96%和0.29%。可见,背负式静电喷雾器在玉米田土壤处理除草剂和茎叶处理除草剂喷施中具有较大的应用价值。In order to find out the effect of the reduction of two maize herbicides by knapsack electrostatic sprayer,soil-applied herbicides acetochlor·atrazine 40%SE and post-emergence herbicide topramezone 30%SC+atrazine 90%WG+special auxiliary were put forward as the tested herbicides,and the effect of the knapsack electrostatic sprayer under different spraying dose were measured.The results showed that the electrostatic spray by backpack electrostatic sprayer had significant decrement effect on soil-applied herbicides acetochlor·atrazine 40%SE and the post-emergence herbicide topramezone 30%SC+atrazine 90%WG+special auxiliary.The weed control effect gradually went down along with the spraying dose reduced.When spray amount of acetochlor·atrazine 40%SE and post-emergence herbicide topramezone 30%SC+atrazine 90%WG+special auxiliary dropped to 2 850 mL/hm 2 and 825 g/hm 2,namely the recommended spray rate reduced by 36.67%and 21.43%,respectively,satisfactory control effect was still obtained to the major weeds in the corn field,with plant control effect of more than 64%and fresh weight control effect of more than 95%,respectively.In addition,it can improve the characters of corn stalks and ears to the maximum extent and reduce the influence on corn yield.Compared with the manual weeding,the yield was reduced 1.96%and 0.29%,respectively.The results indicate that the electrostatic spray by knapsack sprayer has obvious effect on the reduction of the application amount of herbicide in maize field and is worthy of expanding and application.

关 键 词：背负式静电喷雾器 静电喷雾 玉米田 除草剂 减量效应 

分 类 号：S251.222[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S251[农业科学—农业工程]