乌鲁木齐市石油化工行业女工月经异常现状与影响因素  

Menstrual abnormality status and influencing factors of female workers for petroleum and chemical industry in Urumqi City

作　　者：李新凤[1] 刘霞[1] 宋芳[1] 周婧[1] 俞文兰[2] 于常艳[2] 芮宝玲[1] LI Xin-fen;LIU Xia;SONG Fang;ZHOU Jing;YU Wen-Ian;YU Chang-yon;RUI Bao-ling(Office.Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Urumqi,Urumqi Xiryiang,830026,China;Occupational Health Institute,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100031,China)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐830026 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生所,北京100031

出　　处：《职业与健康》2019年第12期1613-1616,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：社科基金决策咨询类(FH20151101)

摘　　要：目的了解乌鲁木齐市石油化工女工月经异常现状及其影响因素,为制定有效合理的防护和行为干预措施提供参考依据。方法2017年10月-2018年6月采取整群抽样方法对乌鲁木齐市石油化工企业中生产一线的女工作为调查对象,开展问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果567名石油化工行业女工月经异常率为37.21%。以月经经量异常者居多,占20.81%,其次是月经周期紊乱为18.17%,痛经占5.47%。不同特征石油化工女工月经异常率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。表现为年龄和工龄均呈现趋势性增加,年龄越大和工龄越长者月经异常率越高。工种以巡检工和炼油工月经异常率明显高于质检工和外操工。不同功效学中,轮班和长时间站立的石油化工行业女工月经异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。表现为经常轮班女工月经异常率明显高于不经常轮班女工。经常长时间站立女工月经异常率高于不经常长时间站立的女工。石油化工行业女工月经异常多因素分析结果显示,年龄在40~<50岁(OR=1.195)和≥50岁(OR=1.258)、工龄在5~<15岁(OR=1.300)和≥15岁(OR=1.285)、经常轮班(OR=1.433)是月经异常的危险因素。结论乌鲁木齐市石油化工行业女工月经异常率高,不容忽视。职业有害因素的接触和不良工效学是影响石油化工行业女工生殖健康的重要因素,应关注并加强此类人群的劳动保护。[Objective]To understand the status of menstrual abnormality and its influencing factors among female workers for petroleum and chemical Industry in Urumqi City,provide references for formulating effective and reasonable protective and behavioral interventions.[Methods] By the cluster sampling method,the female workers in petrochemical enterprises in Urumqi were investi gated from October 2017 to October 2018 by the questionnaire investigation,and the data were analyzed.[Results]The abnormal rate of menstruation among 567 female workers in petroleum and chemical industry was 37.21%. The rate of abnormal menstrual volume was the highest(20.81%),followed by disorder of menstrual cycle(18.17) and dysmenorrhea(5.47%).The difference in abnormal rate of menstruation was statistically significant among female workers with different characteristics(P <0.05),which manifested as the age and working age showed a tendency to increase,and the older the age and the older the age,the higher the rate of menstrual abnormalities. For the type of work,the abnormal menstrual rate of inspection workers and refiners was significantly higher than that of quality inspection workers and external operators. For the ergonomics,there was statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate of menstruation between female workers who work shifts and stand for long periods of time(P<0.05),which manifested as the rate of abnormal menstruation in regular shift workers was significantly higher than that in infrequent shift workers,and the rate of abnormal menstruation of women workers who often stand for a long time was higher than that of women workers who do not often stand for a long time. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the age of 40-<50 years old(OR=1.195) and ≥50 years old(OR=1.258),working age of 5-<15 years(OR=1.300) and ≥15 years(OR =1.285),and frequent shifts(OR=1.433) were the risk factors of menstrual abnormality.[Conclusion]The abnormal menstruation rate of female workers in petrochemical industry in Urumqi

关 键 词：石油化工 女工 月经异常 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]