从多元发行到“邮发合一”——新中国成立初期报纸发行制度的建立及其影响  

From Multi-distribution to “Transport and Distribution of Newspapers and Periodicals through the Postal Departments”——The Establishment of the Newspaper Distribution System in the Early Days of the Founding of New China and Its Influence

作　　者：丁骋[1] Ding Cheng(College of Journalism and Communication,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《知与行》2019年第4期65-70,共6页Cognition and Practice

基　　金：2014年度教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区青年基金项目“1950年代初期上海新闻界思想改造运动研究”(14XJC860001)

摘　　要：“邮发合一”的发行模式是新中国成立之后到改革开放前我国报纸发行的唯一模式,其全面推行始于20世纪50年代初期。这一模式将报纸发行业务部门及其从业人员从报社机构剥离,完全划归到国家邮政系统,改变了传统报馆的行政架构。本文从探讨我国现代报纸发行渠道入手,回顾了中国共产党党报党刊发行的演变,剖析了报纸发行从多元化渠道到“邮发合一”的转变,并勾勒出报纸“邮发合一”制度在全国范围的具体实施过程及其带来的影响,指出“邮发合一”发行制度并非照搬苏联的报刊发行体制,而是发端于中国共产党办报办刊的传统,“邮发合一”也不仅是经营的考量,其成功的推行将党的声音传递给了更广泛的群众,为实现马克思主义在意识形态领域的统一领导奠定了基础,体现了报纸发行的政治作用。此外,“邮发合一”的实施与私营报业社会主义改造的其他层面变革互为影响,人事调整、公私合营、“邮发合一”这三项工作互为因果,为新闻界思想改造的完成准备了充分的条件。The distribution model of "Transport and Distribution of Newspapers and Periodicals through the Postal Departments" is the only mode of publication of Chinese newspapers after the founding of New China and before the reform and opening up. Its comprehensive implementation began in the early 1950s. This model divested the newspaper publishing business unit and its employees from the newspaper office and completely classified it into the national postal system, changing the administrative structure of the traditional newspaper. Starting with the discussion of the distribution channels of modern newspapers in China, This paper reviews the evolution of the publication of the party newspapers of the Communist Party of China, analyzes the changes in the distribution of newspapers from diversified channels to "Transport and Distribution of Newspapers and Periodicals through the Postal Departments", and outlines the" Transport and Distribution of Newspapers and Periodicals through the Postal Departments" system of newspapers. In the country-wide implementation process and its impact, it is pointed out that the "Trans? port and Distribution of Newspapers and Periodicals through the Postal Departments" is not a copy of the Soviet newspapers and periodicals distribution system, but originated from the tradition of the Communist Party of China to run a newspaper," Transport and Distribution of Newspapers and Periodicals through the Postal Departments" It is not only a business consideration, but its successful implementation has passed on the Party's voice to the wider mass, laid the foundation for the realization of the unified leader? ship of Marxism in the field of ideology, and embodied the political role of newspaper distribution. In ad? dition, the implementation of " Transport and Distribution of Newspapers and Periodicals through the Postal Departments"and other changes in the socialist transformation of private newspapers have an im? pact on each other. The three tasks of personnel adjustment, public-private partner

关 键 词：新中国成立初期 多元发行 “邮发合一” 思想改造 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]