烟草耐低温胁迫早花突变体材料的筛选  

Screening of Tobacco Early Flowering Mutants Resistant to Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：白戈[1] 杨大海[1] 姚恒[1] 谢贺[1] Bai Ge;Yang Dahai;Yao Heng;Xie He(Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnology, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草农业科学研究院国家烟草基因工程研究中心烟草生物技术重点实验室

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第13期4410-4415,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2015YN09;2016YN22);中国烟草总公司科技计划项目(110201-503006)共同资助

摘　　要：烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.)是重要的经济作物,能够极大地增加偏远山区农民的收入,同时为国家创造大量的税收。但是烟叶种植生产过程中,容易受到低温胁迫的影响,从而会使烟草发生提早开花现象,而烟草提早开花会极大地影响烟草的产量与质量,给烟农造成重大的经济损失。目前主要通过农艺措施来减少烟草提早开花造成的损失,但这需要耗费大量的人力、物力、财力。因此培育耐低温胁迫早花的烟草品种是解决该问题的最佳方案。与以往在分子生物学层面解析基因功能不同,本研究通过EMS突变体筛选获得9份长势较好且对低温胁迫不敏感的烟草材料,该方法获得的烟草材料不含有转基因元件,因此可以直接作为育种材料应用与烟草抗早花品种选育。Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an economic crop of importance, which increases the incomes of farmers in remote mountainous areas and also creates a lot of tax revenues for the country. However, tobacco is susceptible to low temperature stress during the process of planting, which results in early flowering. The early flowering has a considerable effect on the tobacco yield and quality and brings heavy losses of economy to farmers. At present, agronomic measures are mainly used to reduce the losses from tobacco early flowering, but it takes a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. Therefore, the best method to resolve this problem is to cultivate new tobacco cultivars that can be resistant to low temperature stress and early flowering. Different from the previous studies on gene function analysis at molecular biology level, this study screened the EMS mutants and obtained nine tobacco materials that grew well and were insensitive to low temperature stress. The tobacco materials obtained by this method did not contain any transgenic elements, which therefore could directly be used as materials for tobacco breeding of cultivars that are resistant to early flowering.

关 键 词：烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.) 低温胁迫 EMS 早花 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]