利用红外相机调查祁连山国家公园(青海片区)兽类和鸟类多样性  

Camera-trapping survey of the mammals and birds in the Qilian Mountain National Park (Qinghai area),China

作　　者：薛亚东[1] 李佳 胡杨 马莉 钱卫强 严频发 杨明伟 陈大祥 吴波[2] 李迪强[1] XUE Yadong;LI Jia;HU Yang;MA Li;QIAN Weiqiang;YAN Pinfa;YANG Mingwei;CHEN Daxiang;WU Bo;LI Diqiang(Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, and the Key laboratory of Biodiversity of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;injiang Forestry School, Urumqi 830026, China;Water Resources Bureau of Datong County, Qinghai Province, Datong 810100, China;Forest Public Security of Qilianshan Nature Reserve, Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China;Yunnan Tongbiguan Bureau of Provincial Nature Reserve, Dehong 678400, China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业和草原局生物多样性重点实验室,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091 [3]新疆林业学校,乌鲁木齐830026 [4]青海省大通县水务局,大通810100 [5]青海省祁连山自然保护区森林公安局,西宁810000 [6]云南铜壁关省级自然保护区管护局,德宏678400

出　　处：《兽类学报》2019年第4期466-475,共10页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0506405);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M631624);中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2019ZE003,CAFYBB2018ZD001)

摘　　要：2017年5-9月,采用红外相机调查祁连山国家公园(青海片区)兽类和鸟类多样性。共布设154个相机位点,累计12 096个相机日,共获得9 675张有效独立照片,鉴定23种野生兽类和50种野生鸟类物种,分别隶属5目10科和9目19科,另记录到家畜5种。相对多度指数最高的前五种野生动物依次为岩羊(Pseudois rnayaur)(18.23)、喜马拉雅旱獭(Marmota himalayarea)(15.98)、灰尾兔(Lepus oiostolus)(5.06)、红嘴山鸦(Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax)(3.39)、高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)(2.49)。中国特有物种有荒漠猫(Felis bieti)、白唇鹿(Ceryus albirostris)、西藏马鹿(Cervus wallichii)、藏原羚(Procapra picticaudata)、红耳鼠兔(Ochotana erythrotis)、蓝马鸡(Crossoptilon auritum)和地山雀(Pseudopocdoces humilis)7种。国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物有4种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物有20种;被中国脊椎动物红色名录评估为极危、濒危、易危、近危的物种分别有1种、6种、3种、14种。红外相机调查结果反映出祁连山国家公园(青海片区)兽类和鸟类现状,为祁连山国家公园体制试点生物多样性保护和管理提供基础数据。Camera traps were installed to investigate mammalian and avian species diversity in the Qilian Mountain National Park (Qinghai area), China,from May to September 2017. This study consisted of an intensive survey effort of 12,096 camera days at 154 locations. We collected 9,675 independent photographs representing 23 species of wild mammals belonging to 10 families and 5 orders, 50 species of wild birds belonging to 19 families and 9 orders, and 5 domestic animal species. The five most abundant species were Pseudois nayaur (18.23), Marmota himalayana (15.98), Lepus oiostolus (5.06), Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax (3.39) and Ochotona curzoniae (2.49). Among the detected species, 4 are listed as Class I state key protected wild animals in China and 20 as Class II. One species is classified as Critically Endangered by the Red List of China’s Vertebrates, 6 are classified as Endangered, 3 are classified as Vulnerable and 14 are classified as Near Threatened. Seven of the photographed species are endemic to China and include Felis bieti, Gervus albirostris, Cervus wallichii, Procapra picticaudata, Ochotana erythrotis, Crossoptilon auritum and Pseudopodoces humilis. Our results provide a comprehensive baseline of the wildlife present in the Qilian Mountain National Park (Qinghai area) to be used for biodiversity management and conservation purposes.

关 键 词：物种名录 生物多样性编目 濒危物种 相对多度指数 国家公园 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]