我国中小水厂三卤甲烷和卤乙酸的健康风险评价  

Health Risk Assessment of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids in Middle and Small Waterworks in China

作　　者：陈颂 董文艺 赵福祥 王安娜 张冠 CHEN Song;DONG Wen-yi;ZHAO Fu-xiang;WANG An-na;ZHANG Guan(Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environment Pollution Control, HarbinInstitute of Technology < Shenzhen > , Shenzhen 518055 , China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学<深圳>深圳市水资源利用与环境污染控制重点实验室

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2019年第13期29-34,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07406-004)

摘　　要：中小水厂供水规模小、技术水平有限,消毒副产物及其对人体健康产生的潜在危害受到了广泛关注。为评价我国中小水厂出厂水中三卤甲烷和卤乙酸对人体健康产生的潜在危害,选取位于珠江流域、长江流域和淮河流域的4家中小水厂(A、B、C和D),于2016年6月、7月、8月、12月和2017年1月、2月采集出厂水水样共48份,检测三卤甲烷(三氯甲烷、二氯一澡甲烷、一氯二湊甲烷、三渎甲烷)和卤乙酸(二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸)含量,并结合美国环境保护署(USEPA)推荐的健康风险评价模型对以经口摄入为暴露途径所引起的健康风险进行评价。4家中小水厂出厂水中三卤甲烷的含量为12.06~47.79μg/L,卤乙酸含量为10.38~47.26μg/L,各水厂出厂水的经口致癌健康风险分别为7.47×10^-5、6.88×10^-5、6.27×10^-5和8.70×10^-5,非致癌健康风险分别为0.179,0.157,0.177,0.207。4家水厂出厂水中的消毒副产物浓度没有超过国标限值,经口致癌和非致癌健康风险均在USEPA的可接受风险水平。Disinfection by-products ( DBPs) and the potential health risk to human in middle and small waterworks are widely concerned , because of limited technical level and small water supply. To assess the potential health hazards of trihalomethanes ( THMs) and haloacetic acids ( HAAs) in middle and small waterworks in China, the forty-eight samples were selected from four middle and small waterworks ( A, B, C and D) in three river basin ( Pearl River, Yangtze River and Huai River) in June, July, August and December of 2016 and January and February of 2017. The concentration of THMs (TCM, BDCM, DBCM , TBM) and HAAs ( DCAA, TCAA) in the finished water were determined and assessed preliminarily for their oral cancer and non-cancer risks using USEPA health risk assessment models. Total THMs ranged from 12.06 to 47.79μg/L, and total HAAs ranged from 10.38 to 47.26μg/L in the finished water of four middle and small waterworks. The values of oral cancer risks for A, B, C and D in drinking water were 7.47×10^-5、6.88×10^-5、6.27×10^-5 and 8.70×10^-5,respectively, and the values of non-cancer risks were 0. 179, 0. 157, 0. 177 and 0. 207. The concentration of DBPs did not exceed standard, and the health risks of carcinogenesis and noncarcinogenic induced by DBPs through drinking water were acceptable with tolerable value offered by USEPA.

关 键 词：中小水厂 三卤甲烷 卤乙酸 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]