全球城市营商环境测度及对北京和上海的政策启示  

Measurement of International Cities’ Business Environment and Enlightenments on Beijing and Shanghai

作　　者：杨传开[1] 蒋程虹 YANG Chuan-kai;JIANG Cheng-hong(Institute of Urban and Demographic Studies,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China;Institute of Applied Economics,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院城市与人口发展研究所,上海200020 [2]上海社会科学院应用经济研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《经济体制改革》2019年第4期34-41,共8页Reform of Economic System

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“‘一带一路’沿线城市网络与中国战略支点布局研究”(16ZDA016)

摘　　要：营商环境是一个综合性概念,包括城市宏观环境、城市营商成本、城市要素支撑三个维度。本文通过综合测度,发现全球20个主要城市的营商环境指数稳中有升,营商环境不断优化。其中,东京、纽约、巴黎位居前三位,而北京和上海则位居中等水平,其营商的物质成本和时间成本都相对较高,且创新能力也相对不足。“一带一路”沿线城市的营商环境指数总体较低,其营商物质成本虽相对较低,但时间成本相对较高,同时要素支撑能力也不强。Macro environment, business cost and factor support are three important elements of urban business environment. Based on the results of measurement, this paper finds that business environment index of 20 cities has risen steadily from 2016 to 2017 , and Tokyo, New York and Paris rank top three among 20 cities. Urban business environment index of Beijing and Shanghai are generally at a medium level, and their macro environment have advantages, but material cost and time cost of doing business are both relatively high. Besides, innovative abilities also need to be improved. As for cities along "the Belt and Road”,their business environment indexes are relatively low. Although their business material cost is lower, time cost is higher and element support ability is not strong enough.

关 键 词：全球城市 "一带一路" 营商环境 营商成本 要素支撑 

分 类 号：F290[经济管理—国民经济]