南京市部分公共场所军团菌污染状况的研究  

Investigation on Contamination Status of Legionella in Partial Public Places of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：沈赟[1] 马恺[1] 叶艳华[2] 金萍[2] 唐震[1] SHEN Yun;MA Kai;YE Yanhua;JIN Ping;TANG Zhen

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心 [2]南京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2019年第3期264-268,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的军团菌是一种广泛存在于自然界中的机会性致病菌,公共场所是该病的易发场所。为了解和分析南京市公共场所环境中军团菌的污染情况,对南京市部分酒店、医院及商场中环境样品中军团菌的检出率进行调查。方法从医院、商场及酒店分别采集水、土壤和积尘样品,同时用培养法和PCR法检测军团菌。采集公共场所工作的从业人员以及医院肺炎患者的尿样和血清样本,分别进行抗原或抗体检测。用血清凝集法进行血清型的鉴定。结果冷却水中军团菌的检出率为100%,淋浴水和自来水军团菌的检出率较低,为10%。土壤样品中用PCR法在酒店背景土、酒店风管积尘土以及商场风管积尘土各检出军团菌,检出率为10%。气溶胶样品中只有在医院冷却塔内采集的样品中培养出军团菌,但PCR法均检测到军团菌。军团菌的血清型包括LP1、LP6和Lb。结论在公共场所的水、土壤、尘土和空气中均能检测到军团菌,提示我国公共场所中存在军团菌的感染风险,建议加强公共场所军团菌的监测和消毒。Objectives Legionella bacteria,as an opportunistic pathogen,is ubiquitous in nature.The infection by Legionella bacteria is easily to occur in public places.To better understand the contamination status of Legionella bacteria in the environment of public places of Jiangsu province,its prevalence in environmental samples collected from hospitals,hotels,and malls were investigated.Methods Samples of water,soil,and dust were collected,and bacteria culture method and PCR were used to detect Legionella bacteria for every sample simultaneously.Urine and plasma samples were collected from workers in public places and patients with pneumonia in hospitals to detect Legionella bacteria antigen and antibody.Serotype was identified using serum agglutination test.Results The positive rate of Legionella bacteria among cooling water samples reached 100%,while it was lower in bath water and tap water samples(10%).Ten percent of the dust samples from hotel wall and air duct of malls and hotels were found with Legionella bacteria by using PCR.Legionella bacteria was detected only in aerosol samples collected from the cooling tower using culture method.However,it was found in aerosol samples from all public places with PCR.Serotype of these Legionella bacteria included LP1,LP6,and Lb.Conclusions Legionella bacteria were detected in the samples of water,soil,dust,and air from public places.It implied that the risk of Legionella bacterial infection is ubiquitous,and it is suggested to strengthen the surveillance and disinfection of Legionella bacteria in public places.

关 键 词：军团菌 公共场所 污染状况 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]