汉日结果复合动词事态类型的对比考察与分析  

On event types of resultative compound verbs in Chinese and Japanese

作　　者：张楠[1] ZHANG Nan(School of Foreign Languages. Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2019年第4期534-546,640,共14页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：天津师范大学博士基金项目“新视角下的复合动词习得研究”(52WW1424)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：汉语和日语中都存在“结果复合动词”形式,表示由活动事态与结果事态构成的复合事态。结果复合动词所表达的事态类型在汉日两语间可见共性:第一,汉日均存在表示“完结事态”和“达成事态”的结果复合动词。其中,汉语的词汇型结果复合动词与日语中后项为及物动词的词汇型结果复合动词均表示“完结事态”;汉日两语中的句法型结果复合动词与日语中后项为非宾格动词的词汇型结果复合动词都表示“达成事态”。第二,汉日结果复合动词的事态类型均与右侧的后项动词保持一致。日语结果复合动词为右核心结构,其事态类型由后项动词决定;而汉语结果复合动词的事态类型看似由后项动词决定,实则取决于前项与后项之间的功能性低位体范畴。Resultative compound verbs (RCV) in Chinese and Japanese express complex events consisting of activity events and result events. And there are similarities between Chinese and Japanese RCV in such expressions. Firstly, the RCV can express the event types of “accomplishment" and "achievement" in both languages, and the compound verbs of syntax type generally express "achievement", while those of the lexical type usually express "accomplishment". Secondly, the types of events in RCV are consistent with those on the right side. The Japanese RCV is of the rightcore structure, and its type of event is determined by the latter verb, while the Chinese RCV seems to be determined by the latter verb, which in fact depends on the functional category of Low-Aspect located between the former and the latter verbs.

关 键 词：结果复合动词 完结事态 达成事态 低位体范畴 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]