北京市初中一年级学生高度近视现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of high myopia in Beijing junior middle school students

作　　者：王硕[1] 吴立娟[1] 刘丽娟 郭寅[3] 田飞飞 桑榆鉴 郭秀花 WANG Shuo;WU Li-juan;LIU Li-juan;GUO Yin;TIAN Fei-fei;SANG Yu-jian;GUO Xiu-hua(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心北京市眼科研究所,北京100005 [3]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院验光配镜中心,北京100015

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第14期2567-2571,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金——青年科学基金项目:基于眼底视盘旁萎缩弧和行为因素的高度近视动态风险评估(81602909);北京市教委委托项目:向基础教育倾斜-体育卫生与艺术教育-北京市中小学生防控高度近视眼跟踪监测(PXM2018_014226_000026)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市初中一年级学生高度近视现状,分析高度近视相关影响因素,为开展北京市初中生高度近视防控工作提供科学依据。方法按照多级抽样的方法,抽取北京市初中一年级学生进行问卷调查和眼科检查,采用多元logistic回归进行影响因素分析。结果共有1442名学生参与调查,最终纳入学生1405名。学生平均年龄为(12.69±0.768)岁,男生777人(55.30%),女生628人(44.70%)。学生高度近视患病率为6.48%,其中男生高度近视率为5.92%,女生高度近视率为7.17%。多元logistic回归分析显示,与父母都不近视的学生相比,父母一方近视(OR=2.253,95%CI=1.313~3.864)及父母双方近视(OR=5.389,95%CI=3.033~9.574)的学生更容易患高度近视;每周户外活动时间<4.17h学生患高度近视的风险是每周户外活动时间≥9.92h学生的2.242倍(OR=2.242,95%CI=1.208~4.162)。结论北京市初一年级学生高度近视率较高,父母近视是高度近视的危险因素,增加工作日户外活动时间是高度近视的保护因素。Objective To understand the the current situation of high myopia in Beijing junior middle school students, and to analyze the factors affecting high myopia to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of high myopia of junior middle school students in Beijing. Methods According to the multi-level sampling method, the junior middle school students in Beijing were selected for questionnaire survey and ophthalmic examination, and the influencing factors were analyzed by multiple Logistic regression. Results A total of 1 442 students participated in the survey, and eventually 1405 students were included. The average age of the students was 12.69 ±0.768.777 male students and 628 female students (44.70%). The prevalence rate of high myopia in students was 6.48%, among which the high myopia rate in boys was 5.92%, and the high myopia rate in girls was 7.17%. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the students whose parents were not myopic, the students whose parents were myopic (OR =2.253, 95%CI= 1.313-3.864) and the students whose parents were both myopic (OR=5.389, 95%CI=3.033-9.574) were more likely to suffer from high myopia. The risk of high myopia for students with weekly outdoor activities <4.17 hours were 2.242 times that of students with weekly outdoor activities≥ 9.92 hours(OR=2.242, 95%CI=1.208-4.162). Conclusion The high myopia rate of junior middle school students in Beijing is high, and the myopia of parents is a risk factor for high myopia, and the increase of outdoor activity time during working days is a protective factor for high myopia.

关 键 词：高度近视 LOGISTIC回归分析 影响因素 初中 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]