CONSTRUCTION OF CHINA’S COMMERCIAL LAW SYSTEM UNDER THE DECONSTRUCTIONISM OF THE COMMERCIAL CODE  

商法典解构主义背景下我国商法体系的构建（英文）

作　　者：Cui Wenyu Robert D. Roderick Ou Xiaoqi 

机构地区：[1]Shanghai University Law School [2]不详

出　　处：《China Legal Science》2019年第4期4-25,共22页中国法学（英文版）

摘　　要：Since the 19th Century, modern commercial law has incorporated various economic acts of different nature into the scope of regulation of commercial law. However, the principles and systems traditionally regarded as peculiar to commercial law, such as the principle of freedom of contract and the representative system, have been upgraded to the basic principles and systems of civil law. As a result, while the commercial law expands its scope of application in terms of denotation, the unique characteristics of commercial law are gradually lost and the boundary between civil law and commercial law becomes more and more blurred. According to the General Provisions of the Civil Law of China, limited liability companies, joint stock companies and other enterprise legal persons have been included in the scope of profit-making legal persons and become an important part of the civil subject, thus showing a clear tendency of civil law commercialization. However, since profit-making acts can neither be effectively incorporated into the people- oriented concept inherent in civil law as a universal provision, nor can it be externalized into specific rules of conduct as a supplement to the basic law of civil law, moreover, the legal person cannot cover all enterprises and the enterprise subject is distinctly different from other civil subjects in terms of the purpose of act and the requirements of act, under the background that the General Provisions of the Civil Law has been promulgated, it is both necessary and possible to emphasize the particularity of enterprises and to construct a commercial law system with enterprise law as the core.19世纪以来的近代商法将各种不同性质的经济行为纳入商法的规制范围,但合同自由原则和代表人制度等传统上被视为商法特有的原则和制度也被上升为民法的基本原则和制度。其结果导致商法在外延上扩大其适用范围的同时,商法独有的特性也逐步丧失,民法和商法之间的边界愈易模糊。为了理清民法和商法之间的关系,传统的大陆商法学者主要以商法的调整对象、商法主体的特殊性和商事行为的特殊性为理论基础,近年来也有学者以价值取向的差异性作为民商法界分的基础。但质疑商法独立性存在价值的民商合一论、商法解体论等观点也甚嚣尘上,并由此主导了许多国家的民商事立法。根据我国《民法总则》的规定,有限责任公司、股份有限公司和其他企业法人等都被纳入营利法人的范畴,成为民事主体的重要组成部分,表现出明显的民法商法化倾向。但由于营利性行为既无法作为普遍性规定有效融入民法所固有的以人为本的理念之中,也无法外化为具体的行为规则并作为民法基本法的补充,且法人并不能涵盖企业的全部,而企业主体无论在行为目的和行为要求上都明显有别于其他民事主体。因此在《民法总则》既已颁布的大背景下,强调企业的特殊性并构建以企业法为核心的商法制度,既有必要也有可能。

关 键 词：商法体系 解构主义 商法典 民法总则 企业法人 商法制度 合同自由原则 营利法人 

分 类 号：D923.99[政治法律—民商法学]