基于LCA的光伏组件供应链生态—经济效益优化研究  

Research on Ecological-Economic Benefits Optimization of Supply Chain for Photovoltaic Modules Based on LCA

作　　者：乌云娜[1,2] 贾卫兵 郭晓鹏[1,2] 李玲闻樱 许传博 WU Yunna;JIA Weibing;GUO Xiaopeng;LI Lingwenying;XU Chuanbo(School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China;Beijing Key Laboratory of New Energy and Low-Carbon Development, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京102206 [2]华北电力大学新能源电力与低碳发展研究北京市重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《生态经济》2019年第8期61-66,共6页Ecological Economy

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“新能源电力与低碳发展研究”(2018ZD14);2017年度创新基地培育与发展专项“京津冀大气污染防治效果协同监管机理研究”(Z171100002217024);国家自然科学基金“项目群环境下非经营性政府投资项目实时监管方法研究”(71271085)

摘　　要：光伏组件供应链在生产制造、运输、销售等过程中产生了大量的碳排放,使光伏发电的环保性大打折扣。因此,文章旨在通过减少光伏组件供应链的碳排放量,实现光伏组件供应链经济效益和生态效益的共赢。文章通过生命周期评价(LCA)方法分别建立了以经济成本最低和总成本最低为目的的供应链优化模型,并以BX公司为例,通过lingo进行了计算。结果表明:合理选择供应商、尽可能减少运输距离、采用低碳生产工艺能有效减少碳排放量,实现供应链经济效益与生态效益的共赢。此外碳税对于目标函数影响巨大,当碳排放成本过高时,企业应关注碳排放成本,采取适当的措施降低企业与供应链的碳排放量。The supply chain of photovoltaic power generation module produces a large amount of carbon emissions in the process of manufacturing, transportation, sales and so on, which greatly hinders the environmental protection of photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, this paper aims to achieve a win-win situation in the economic and ecological of the PV module supply chain by reducing the carbon emissions of the PV module supply chain. In this paper, the supply chain optimization model aiming at achieving the lowest economic cost and the lowest total cost is established respectively by life cycle assessment (LCA) method, and company BX is taken as an example to calculate by lingo. The results show that selecting suppliers reasonably, minimizing transport distance as far as possible, using low-carbon production technology can effectively reduce carbon emissions, and achieve a win-win situation between economic benefits and ecological benefits. In addition, the carbon tax has a huge impact on the objective function. When the carbon emission cost is too high, enterprises should pay attention to carbon emission costs and take appropriate measures to reduce carbon emissions in enterprises and supply chains.

关 键 词：光伏组件 供应链 LCA 优化 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学] F062.2