社区治理中的社会资本培育  

The Cultivation of Social Capital in Community Governance

作　　者：方亚琴[1] 夏建中[2] Fang Yaqin;Xia Jianzhong

机构地区：[1]渤海大学文学院,锦州121000 [2]中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2019年第7期64-84,205,206,共23页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“社区、居住空间与社会资本”(16FSH005);2018年国家留学基金委访问学者项目“社区治理模式及其在社会资本形成中的作用”阶段性成果

摘　　要：多元共治的社区治理结构是打造共建共治共享治理格局的抓手,居民对社区公共事务的参与是实现“共治”的关键。对于当前城市社区治理所面临的“弱参与”困境,社区社会资本为其提供了一种整合性、包容性的破解思路。通过深入考察H市M社区和J市S社区的社会资本形成路径发现,社会资本的培育就是发现居民特定的社区交往需求并为其创造相应的结构性条件,使社区成为一个持续的互动系统。在新的社会结构条件下,居民寻求社区归属感的心理需求、满足相同生活需求的互助需求以及维护共同利益的合作需求为社区社会资本的形成提供了内生性动力,而以人为本的社区空间、发育良好的社区社会组织以及完善的社区治理结构则是社区交往需求转变为实际交往行动所需的结构性条件。在陌生人社区的社会资本形成过程中,国家和政府的合理介入发挥着“引导程序”作用。The multi-player community governance structure is an approach to the building of a structure of jointly constructed, jointly governed and jointly shared. The key to it lies in residents’ participation in community public affairs. But current urban community governance faces the dilemma of “weak participation.” Community social capital provides an integrated and inclusive solution to this problem. Through an in-depth study of the paths of social capital formation in M Community of H City and S Community of J City, we observed that the way to cultivate social capital is to find out residents’ specific needs in community intercourse and create the corresponding structural conditions, so that the community becomes a continuous interactive system. In the new social structural conditions, residents’ psychological need to belong to a community, to help each other to satisfy the shared needs of daily life and to cooperate to safeguard their common interests provide endogenous motivation for the formation of community social capital, while people-oriented community space, well developed community-level social organizations and a sound community governance structure are the structural conditions required for community interaction to be transformed into actual interactions. In the course of social capital formation in communities of strangers, the appropriate involvement of the state and the government plays the role of “procedural guidance.”

关 键 词：社区社会资本 内生性动力 结构性条件 

分 类 号：D669.3[政治法律—政治学]