基于主成分分析和聚类分析的红河州植烟土壤特性研究  

Study of Honghe Tobacco-planting Soil Nutrients Characteristics Based on Principal Component and Cluster Analysis

作　　者：唐佐芯 李天壁 陈泽斌[1] 李银花 杨启凡 陈丽娟[1] 任禛[1] 王彬彬 付亚丽[2] 王坤 夏体渊[1] TANG Zuo-xin;LI Tian-bi;CHEN Ze-bin;LI Yin-hua;YANG Qi-fan;CHEN Li-juan;REN Zhen;WANG Bin-bin;FU Ya-li;WANG Kun;XIA Ti-yuan(Kunming University, Yunnan Kunming 650214, China;Technology Center, Honghe Tobacco Company, Yunnan Tobacco Company, Yunnan Mile 652300, China;Yunnan Shengqing Environmental Technology Co. , LTD, Yunnan Kunming 650093 , China)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院,云南昆明650214 [2]云南省烟草公司红河州公司技术中心,云南弥勒652300 [3]云南圣清环保科技有限公司,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第7期1607-1613,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2018530000242011; 2018530000241016)

摘　　要：【目的】明确红河州植烟土壤养分变化特征,及植烟土壤地形、海拔、前茬作物、土壤类型和pH等对土壤养分的影响,充分了解植烟土壤养分与土壤环境的关系,达到合理施肥的目的。【方法】采集0~20 cm耕作层的881个土壤,测定分析土壤pH以及水解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质和微量元素的含量,利用主成分分析和聚类分析评价2018年红河州植烟土壤养分变化特征。【结果】地形、海拔、pH、有机质、有效磷、有效钼、有效硼和水溶性氯是红河州植烟土壤的特征元素,共解释了78.95%的贡献率。利用聚类分析将植烟土壤分为6个类型,占比分别为89.56%,7.04%,2.72%,0.11%,0.34%和0.23%,6个土壤类型中有效钼含量均很高,有效硼和水溶性氯含量低;除第2和第4类为田烟类型外,其余均为地烟类型;前3类土壤酸碱度适宜,后3类土壤酸碱度中性;第1、4、5、6分类有机质和有效磷含量中等,而第2类有机质和有效磷含量高,第3类有机质中等,有效磷含量低。【结论】地形、海拔和pH是影响红河州植烟土壤分类的重要环境因子。红河州植烟土壤有效钼含量高,有效硼和水溶性氯含量低;土壤以第一分类为主,占比89.56%,其主要特征为土壤pH微酸,有机质和有效磷含量中等,土壤养分属中等水平。[Objective] By analyzing the characteristics of soil nutrient in Honghe tobacco planting area and the effects of soil topography, elevation ,preceding crop, soil type and pH on soil nutrient, the relationship between soil nutrient and soil environmental factors were understood ,so as to achieve the goal of reasonable fertilization.[ Method] In this study, the contents of soil pH, hydrolysis of nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter and trace elements were determined based on 881 tillage layer soil (0 to 20 cm) samples. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis methods were applied to evaluate the changes of soil characteristics.[ Result] The principal component analysis showed that the representative factors of Honghe tobacco planting area were topography, elevation, pH, organic matter, effective phosphorus, effective molybdenum, effective boron, and water-soluble chlorine, which explained a total contribution of 78.95 %. Cluster analysis was used to divide tobacco-planting soil into 6 classifications, which accounted for 89.56 %, 7.04 %, 2.72 %, 0.11 %, 0. 34 % and 0.23 %, respectively, and the effective molybdenum content was high, while the content of effective boron, water-soluble chlorine were low in all classifications. Except for the second and the fourth classifications of flat tobacco-planting field, the rest ones were sloping tobacco-planting field. The soil pH values in the first three classifications were suitable, and the latter ones were neutral. The classification 1,4, 5, 6 had a medium content of organic matter and effective phosphorus, while the classification 2 had a high content of organic matter and effective phosphorus, and the classification 3 had a medium content of organic matter and a low content of effective phosphorus.[ Conclusion] In summary, topography, elevation and soil pH were the most important environmental factors to affect the classification of Honghe tobacco -planting soil. For Honghe tobacco-planting soil, the content of effective molybden

关 键 词：植烟土壤 PH 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]