传统与现代:虚弱老年人康复性运动处方设计与应用研究  

Tradition and Modernity:Design and Application of Rehabilitation Exercise Prescription for Frail Elders

作　　者：杨光[1,2] 沈媛媛 梁思雨 王童 YANG Guang;SHEN Yuanyuan;LIANG Siyu;WANG Tong(School of Physical Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,Jinlin,China;Chinese Center of Exercise Epidemiology,Changchun 130024,Jinlin,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学体育学院,吉林长春130024 [2]中国运动流行病学研究中心,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2019年第4期92-98,共7页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“健康老龄化战略下我国虚弱老年人诊断标准与运动康复处方设计的实证研究”(16BTY076);2018年中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2412018JC015)

摘　　要：为设计出适宜于虚弱老年人最大程度恢复健康和脱离虚弱状态的最优化康复性运动处方,采用测量法、试验法和问卷调查法等研究手段,对选取的84名60岁以上的沈阳市虚弱老年人通过3种不同组合方式的康复性运动处方进行了每周2次、每次120min、为期3个月的运动干预。结果表明,组内比较3个组的速度素质和跌倒风险与试验前相比具有显著差异( P <0.05),A、B两组的柔韧素质较之前具有显著差异,A组的痴呆倾向在试验前后具有显著差异 P =0.018( P <0.05);组间比较发现B组的柔韧素质优于其他两组。结论:3种康复性运动处方均可在一定程度上改善虚弱老年人的灵敏素质、速度素质、柔韧素质,有效降低跌倒风险及痴呆倾向发生,其中以传统运动疗法与现代运动康复方法多元化组合设计的康复性运动处方效果显著。特别是以动态性、均衡性、趣味性为基础设计的康复性运动处方其运动康复疗效最佳,可以达到运动康复效果最优化的终极预期。In order to design an optimal rehabilitation exercise prescription suitable for frail elders to recover their health to the greatest extent and get rid of their frail state,by means of measurement,experiment and questionnaires 84 frail elders over 60 years old in Shenyang were selected and given the rehabilitation exercise prescription of three different combinations twice a week,120 minutes each time and for three months.The results showed that there were significant differences in speed quality and fall risk within the three groups before and after the experiment ( P <0.05).There were significant differences in flexibility quality between Group A and Group B.There was significant difference in dementia tendency between Group A and Group B before and after the experiment ( P =0.018)( P <0.05).The flexibility of Group B was better than that of the other two groups.Conclusion:The three kinds of rehabilitation exercise prescriptions can improve the sensitivity,speed and flexibility of frail elders to a certain extent,and effectively reduce the risk of falling and dementia tendency.Among them,the rehabilitation exercise prescriptions designed by the combination of traditional exercise therapy and modern exercise rehabilitation methods are effective.Especially,the design of rehabilitation exercise prescription based on the dynamic,balanced and interesting characteristics has the best rehabilitation effect,which can achieve the ultimate expectation of the optimization of rehabilitation effect.

关 键 词：虚弱老年人 康复性运动处方 运动能力 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]