我国职业运动员工会之法律体系构建:域外经验与本土实践  

Legal System Construction of Professional Players’ Labor Unions in China: Foreign Experience and National Practice

作　　者：陆广[1] 邹师思[2] 周贤江[1] LU Guang;ZOU Shisi;ZHOU Xianjiang(Basketball Teaching & Research Office,Wuhan Sports Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China;School of P.E.,China Univ.of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,Chana)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院篮球教研室,湖北武汉430079 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)体育学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2019年第7期51-58,共8页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

摘　　要：采用文献资料法、专家访谈法等研究方法对美、英两国职业运动员工会的历史发展与相关法律法规的建构过程进行了梳理,认为职业运动员工会基本职能包括:谈判职能、维权职能、服务职能以及教育职能;分析我国运动员个体维权时常用的三种途径与不足之处,它们分别为自立救济、司法救济与行政救济,前者维权效果不佳;司法救济耗时耗力;行政救济因缺乏指导性文件与听证环节,判决随意性强;从《工会法》、《劳动法》等现行法规文件中寻找构建我国职业运动员工会所具备的法律基础,探讨构建我国运动员工会亟需解决的若干问题:如何避免运动员工会落入传统工会条款的窠臼;如何成立职业体育快速仲裁与协商机构;如何制定能够覆盖各利益方的统一条款等。最终从法律角度为我国职业运动员权益保障制度的建设、为中国职业体育的可持续发展提供新的考量与建议。This paper reviews the historical development and organizational functions of American and British professional players’labor unions through literature study and expert interviews.It holds that the basic functions of professional athletes’labor unions are collective bargaining function,dispute handling and individual rights protection function and service function.There are three common ways of athletes’rights protection in China,which are self-reliance relief,judicial relief and administrative relief.Self-reliance relief is ineffective in safeguarding rights.Judicial relief is time-consuming and labor-intensive.Administrative relief lacks guiding documents and hearing links,resulting in arbitrary judgments.In order to explore the legal basis for building professional athletes’labor unions in China and the legal dilemma that needs to be broken through,it needs to avoid weaknesses of traditional labor union clauses,formulate unification covering all stakeholders.China’s professional athletes’right and interest protection system should be built for the sustainable development of China’s professional sports.

关 键 词：职业运动员 工会 法律体系 权益保障 个体维权 法律基础 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]