室内培养条件下多元素长效颗粒碳铵与尿素氮素释放规律比较研究  

Comparative Study on Nitrogen Release Characteristics of Long-acting Ammonium Bicarbonate and Urea Under Indoor Culture Condition

作　　者：汪敬恒 谢迎新[4] 杨素芬[1] 刘蕊 谷利敏 李恒 武盼盼[1] Wang Jingheng;Xie Yingxin;Yang Sufen;Liu Rui;Gu Limin;Li Heng;Wu Panpan(Henan Chemical Industry Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450052;Institute of Chemical and Energy Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;Institute of Chemical Industry and Environment,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001;Agricultural College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450000;Henan and China Academy of Sciences,Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Transfer Center,Zhengzhou 450047)

机构地区：[1]河南省化工研究所有限责任公司,郑州450052 [2]郑州大学化工与能源学院,郑州450001 [3]河南工业大学化学化工与环境学院,郑州450001 [4]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450000 [5]河南省中国科学院科技成果转移转化中心,郑州450047

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2019年第20期59-64,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省科学院重大科研聚焦专项(190108003);河南省科学院基本科研业务费(190608027);国家农业科技成果转化资金项目“新型肥料—多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥中式与转化”(国发农社字[2004]39号);国家星火计划项目“新型肥料——多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥中式与转化”(国科发计字[2005]157号:2005EA750062);河南省科技特派员项目(2018016)

摘　　要：通过对多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥和尿素在水溶液和土壤中铵态氮、硝态氮及酰胺态氮积累量比较研究发现:在相同温度下,随着培养时间的增加,两种肥料在水溶液中铵态氮、硝态氮及酰胺态氮3种形态氮素均呈线性增加趋势,且本试验研制的多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥的铵态氮积累量较尿素的积累量低,在一定程度上可起到缓释效果。此外,通过对两种肥料施入土壤进行恒温培养淋洗试验结果表明,随着培养时间的延长,多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥和尿素在土壤中的铵态氮、硝态氮及酰胺态氮3种形态氮素淋出积累速率均不断降低,而淋出积累量则不断增加,且在培养期间,多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥的无机氮淋出积累速率和淋出积累量始终低于普通尿素,这说明多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥在施入土壤后,无机氮素释放速率相对较低,这样可以延长肥效时间,达到肥料氮素缓释的效果。The experiment is conducted to comparatively study the accumulation of multi-element long-acting granular ammonium bicarbonate and urea in water and soil. The results showed that the accumulation of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and amide nitrogen of the two fertilizes increased with the increase of incubation time under the same temperature. The accumulation of ammonium nitrogen of the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate was lower than that of urea, so it showed a slow-release effect. In addition, the experimental result of thermostatic cultivation leaching of the two fertilizes applied in soil showed that the leaching rate of ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen and amide nitrogen were reduced gradually with the increase of incubation time, and the accumulation content was increased gradually. During the training, the accumulation content and the leaching rate of mineral nitrogen of the multi-element long-acting granular ammonium bicarbonate were always lower than that of urea. All the results suggest that the multi-element longacting granular ammonium bicarbonate has the effect of nitrogen slow release because the release rate of inorganic nitrogen is low after the multi-element long-acting granular ammonium bicarbonate is applied to soil.

关 键 词：多元素长效碳铵颗粒肥 尿素 氮素 释放特征 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]