青藏高原3种蝇子草属植物的核型研究  

Karyotypes of Three Silene L.(Caryophyllaceae)Species From the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：底远哲 胡伸萌 王海霞 孙文光[1] 李志敏[1] DI Yuan-zhe;HU Shen-meng;WANG Hai-xia;SUN Wen-guang;LI Zhi-min(School of Life Sciences,Yunnan Normal University/Bioenergy Sustainable Development and Utilization of Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院/生物能源持续开发利用教育部门工程研究中心

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2019年第4期1074-1079,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31670206,31460047)~~

摘　　要：利用植物常规压片法对青藏高原地区的石竹科3种蝇子草属植物首次进行了核型分析,针对核型不对称系数(AI)与染色体倍性开展了讨论,并结合前人研究结果进行亲缘关系聚类分析,结果表明:道孚蝇子草(Silene dawoensis Limpr.)核型公式为2n=2x=24=20m+2sm+2st,核型不对称性为2A,AI值为3.09,为二倍体植物;印度蝇子草(S. indica Roxb. ex Otth)核型公式为2n=4x=48=48m,核型不对称性为1B,AI值为0.88,为同源四倍体植物;狭果蝇子草(S. huguettiae Bocq.)核型公式为2n=6x=72=72m,核型不对称性为1A,AI值为0.82,为同源六倍体植物。其中,道孚蝇子草的AI值和不对称系数最高,在3种蝇子草属物种中处于更为进化的位置。同时结合前人蝇子草属染色体报道数据,验证了蝇子草属植物主要基于染色体数目为2n=24二倍体水平的进化趋势。上述3种蝇子草属植物的染色体数目及核型均为首次报道,补充了青藏高原蝇子草属植物的细胞学资料,可为该属提供细胞学分类信息,并为探讨石竹科植物在该区域的系统演化关系积累基础资料。By employment of karyological and taxonomic techniques,we determined the karyotype of three species in genus of Silene L.(Caryophyllaceae)from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The asymmetry index(AI)and polyploidy level were discussed.We made a clustering analysis for karyotype from four species(three species in this study and one species from previous study).The results indicated that:S.dawoensis Limpr.was diplophyte with a karyotype formula of 2 n=2 x=24=20 m+2 sm+2 st(asymmetry:2 A,AI:3.09);S.indica Roxb.ex Otth was tetraploid with a karyotype formula of 2 n=4 x=48=48 m(asymmetry:1 B,AI:0.88);S.huguettiae Bocq.was hexaploid with its karyotype formula of 2 n=6 x=72=72 m(asymmetry:1 A,AI:0.82).Furthermore,S.dawoensis Limpr.has the highest value of AI and asymmetry coefficient among three species.Based on results of previous studies,we can speculate that the chromosome numbers of 2 n=24 should be a main character in Silene L..The chromosome numbers and karyotype of three species of Silene L.provided first insights,which supplemented the plant cytological data of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and cytological classification information for Silene L..Taken together,this study will provide basis on illuminating the phylogenetic relationship of Caryophyllaceae in this region.

关 键 词：蝇子草属 染色体数目 核型 多倍化 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]