甜瓜全雌系调控基因g的分子标记开发与应用  

Development and Application of Specific Molecular Marker of the Gynoecious Gene g in Melon

作　　者：马建[1] 王建设[1] MA Jian;WANG Jian-she(Beijing Vegetable research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心/农业农村部华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2019年第4期1080-1086,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：北京市农林科学院院青年科研基金(QNJJ201701),北京市农林科学院院创新团队(JNKYT201601);蔬菜中心科研创新基金(KYCX201705-04);国家自然科学基金(31701937)~~

摘　　要：甜瓜是国内外重要的园艺经济作物。目前,生产上推广甜瓜品种性型绝大多数为雄花两性花同株,杂交种生产中需人工去雄且易混杂,而利用全雌系作母本可降低人工成本,提高制种效率,对于保证杂交种纯度具有重要意义。全雌系基因型为AAgg,利用常规方法合成全雌系较为困难,急需开发实用的分子标记并进行辅助选择育种来培育优异的全雌系。本研究根据g基因下游存在一个Gyno-hAT转座子插入,开发了可特异鉴定该基因的g-F/R标记。利用该标记对全两性花B15与雄花两性花054构建的F2分离群体进行性型分子鉴定,辅以上下游2对InDel标记C5-9和C5-10对鉴定结果进行验证,表明g-F/R标记检测准确率几乎可达100%。此外,利用该分子标记对36份甜瓜材料进行基因型检测,可特异鉴定出携带g基因的2份全两性花材料B15和B18。本研究结果为通过分子育种手段高效利用g基因培育新的甜瓜全雌系提供了手段。Melon is a very important economically horticultural crop around the world.At present,andromonoecy is a widespread sexual system in traditional cultivar melon carrying both male and bisexual flowers,and andromonoecious maternal lines necessitate laborious hand emasculation for F1 hybrid seed production.Thus,gynoecious without emasculation will save labor cost and greatly improve the efficiency of hybrid seed production,with significant mean on improving the purity of hybrid seeds.Gynoecious melon plants are commonly genotypically designated as AAgg,and the phenotype-dependent selection of g recessive allele for breeding new gynoecious is slow and time-consuming.To accelerate the breeding of elite gynoecious lines,development of molecular markers linked to g allele might greatly contribute to the molecular marker assisted selection breeding.In this study,an allele-specific maker for g gene,g-F/R,was developed based on a GynohAT transposon on downstream of CmWIP1 locus.The sex phenotype and genotype of 141 F2 plants derived from hermaphrodite B15 and andromonoecious 054 was co-segregated based g-F/R analysis.And the result was verified by two tightly linked molecular marker C5-9 and C5-10,which suggested that the accuracy of genotypic analysis of g-F/R almost reaches to 100% in F2 population.Furthermore,we tested this newly-developed marker in genotyping of thirty-six melon accessions,and identified two bisexual genotypes B15 and B18.Taken together,these results will greatly facilitate the utilization of g gene in melon gynoecious breeding programs by markerassisted selection.

关 键 词：甜瓜 两性花 CmWIP1 分子标记 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]