吡唑醚菌酯对小麦赤霉病的防效及在小麦籽粒中的残留  

Pyraclostrobin:Control Efficacy Against Fusarium Head Blight and Its Residue in Wheat Grain

作　　者：刘同金[1] 李瑞娟[1] 宋国春[1] 付亚萍 赵亚[1] 于建垒[1] Liu Tongjin;Li Ruijuan;Song Guochun;Fu Yaping;Zhao Ya;Yu Jianlei(Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology,Jinan 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/山东省植物病毒学重点实验室

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2019年第21期159-164,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2016A09)

摘　　要：为明确吡唑醚菌酯用于防治小麦赤霉病的可行性、安全性,对吡唑醚菌酯进行了室内毒力测定、田间药效试验和残留检测。结果表明:吡唑醚菌酯对山东地区菌株的菌丝毒力低于多菌灵,对两地孢子萌发的毒力和对安徽地区菌株的菌丝毒力均高于多菌灵。吡唑醚菌酯对山东和安徽两地小麦赤霉病的田间防效均在78.33%以上,对安徽菌株的防效高于多菌灵。吡唑醚菌酯150g/hm^2和225g/hm^2处理的小麦产量在0.69kg/m^2以上,均高于多菌灵处理。吡唑醚菌酯在小麦籽粒中的最终残留量为0.0310~0.0647mg/kg,低于国际食品法典委员会规定的0.2mg/kg。吡唑醚菌酯在山东和安徽小麦植株中的半衰期低于11.3天,在土壤中的半衰期低于9.9天,属于易降解农药。因此吡唑醚菌酯用于防治小麦赤霉病可达到较高防效且对人体较为安全。To clarify the feasibility and safety of using pyraclostrobin against Fusarium head blight,indoor toxicity test,field control efficacy test and residual detection are carried out.The results showed that pyraclostrobin had lower mycelial toxicity than that of carbendazim on Shandong strains,its virulence on spores of Shandong and Anhui strains and mycelial toxicity on Anhui strains were higher than that of carbendazim.The field control efficacy of pyraclostrobin against Fusarium head blight was above 78.33%in both Shandong and Anhui,and the control efficacy of pyraclostrobin was higher than that of carbendazim in Anhui.The yield of wheat treated with pyraclostrobin at 150 and 225 g/hm^2 was above 0.69 kg/m^2 and was higher than that of carbendazim treatments.The final residue of pyraclostrobin in wheat grains was 0.0310 to 0.0647 mg/kg,lower than 0.2 mg/kg provided by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.The half-life of pyraclostrobin in wheat plants was less than 11.3 days in Shandong and Anhui,and the half-life in soil was less than 9.9 days,indicating that it was easy to degrade.So pyraclostrobin could be used to effectively control Fusarium head blight,meanwhile be safe to the human life.

关 键 词：吡唑醚菌酯 小麦赤霉病 毒力 防效 残留 安全性 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]