不同类型栽培基质对海南钻喙兰生长发育的影响  

Effects of Different Matrixes on the Growth and Development of Rhynchostylis gigantea

作　　者：谌振[1,2] 黄明忠 许敏[3] 黄素荣 廖易 杨光穗[1,2] Shen Zhen;Huang Mingzhong;Xu Min;Huang Surong;Liao Yi;Yang Guangsui(Institute of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources,CAT AS/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources andGermplasm Enhancement in Southern China,Ministry of Agriculture,Danzhou Hainan 571737;The Engineering Technology Research Center of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization,Danzhou Hainan 571737;Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,海南儋州571737 [2]海南省热带观赏植物种质创新利用工程技术研究中心,海南儋州571737 [3]福建农林大学,福州350002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2019年第22期71-76,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项“热带花卉野生资源的考察、保护与创新利用”(1630032017019)

摘　　要：以海南钻喙兰组培幼苗、成苗为研究对象,探讨不同基质对其生长、开花的影响,以期解决海南钻喙兰生产过程中苗期栽培基质的选择问题。结果表明:(1)水苔是适宜的幼苗栽培基质,大棚、荫棚环境成活率为97.5%,能较好地促进植株生长;松鳞处理成活率分别为100.0%和90.0%,对根长有较好的促进作用,为次优处理。(2)松树皮、木炭、火山岩混合基质利于成苗叶片、根系增长,是营养生长期适宜栽培基质,但不利于开花;1.0~2.0 cm火山岩、松鳞处理开花率分别为90.0%、75.0%,对叶宽、茎高、根粗增长有一定的促进作用,适用于成苗促花栽培,其中松鳞较为经济环保,是优选促花基质。The effects of different matrixes on the growth and flowering of young and matured seedlings of tissue culture of Rhynchostylis gigantea were studied respectively,to select the seedling cultivation matrixes for different production stages.The results were as follows:(1)sphagnum was a suitable cultivation matrix for young seedlings,the survival rate of greenhouse and shade shed environment was 97.5%,which could promote plant grow better;the pine squama treatment had the survival rate of 100.0%and 90.0%,respectively,showing a better promotion effect and was the sub-optimal treatment;(2)the mixed matrix of pine bark,charcoal and volcanic rocks was beneficial to the growth of leaves and roots of the matured seedlings,which was a suitable cultivation matrix for the vegetative growth period but was not conducive to flowering;the flowering rate of 1.0-2.0 cm volcanic rock and pine squama was 90.0%and 75.0%,respectively,which had a certain promotion effect on leaf width,stem height and root thickness growth,and was suitable for the flower cultivation of matured seedlings.In general,pine squama is more economical and environment-friendly,and is the preferred flower-promoting matrixes.

关 键 词：海南钻喙兰 栽培基质 水苔 松鳞 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]