论农产品价格支持新政及其对农业国际竞争力的影响  

On the New Deal of Agricultural Product Price Support and Its Impact on the International Competitiveness of Agriculture

作　　者：杜辉[1] DU Hui(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学乡村振兴研究中心

出　　处：《江西财经大学学报》2019年第4期91-100,共10页Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“农村人口转移背景下惠农政策效果的跟踪、评价与保障研究”(15CJY053)

摘　　要：近年来,薄弱的农业发展支撐力在品种、品质、成本层面不断削弱农业国际竞争力并衍生诸多严峻后果,而始于2004年的最低收购价与临时收储政策在执行后期不仅未能扭转反而加剧此趋势。自2014年起,国家启动新一轮农产品价格支持政策改革,至今虽未能完全扭转竞争劣势,但在强化市场机制、改善贸易状况、加速农业转型等方面取得了一定成效,也存在国外较强技术理性特征政策因缺乏国内有效实施支撐条件而降低可行性、市场化改革引发农民收益下降阵痛、改革初期因扰乱农作物比价关系而延误种植结构调整等问题。下一步,仍需通过改进生产条件、夯实产业基础、弱化政府干预、强化市场作用、瞄准节本提质、防范贸易风险、提升小农户竞争力、加强基础数据建设等措施来不断提升政策效果并改善农业国际竞争力。In recent years, the weak support of agricultural development has been weakening the international competitiveness of agriculture in terms of variety, quality and cost, and has resulted in many serious consequences. The minimum purchase price and the temporary purchase and storage policy started from 2004 not only failed to reverse the situation but intensified this trend in the later period of the implementation of such policies. Since 2014, the state has initiated a new round of reform of price support policies for agricultural products. Although it has not completely reversed its competitive disadvantage, it has achieved certain results in strengthening market mechanism, improving trade situation and accelerating agricultural transformation. However, there are such problems as foreign policies with strong technical rationality having reduced the feasibility due to lack of effective support conditions for domestic implementation, the market-oriented reform having triggered the decrease of farmers' income, and the delaying of the planting structure adjustment caused by the disruption of crop price relation in the early stage of the reform. Next, we need to improve the policy effect and improve the international competitiveness of agriculture by improving the production conditions, con丒 solidating the industrial base, weakening government intervention, strengthening the market role, aiming at cost-saving and quality-improving, preventing trade risks, enhancing the competitiveness of small farmers, strengthening the construction of basic data, and other measures.

关 键 词：农产品价格支持政策 农业国际竞争力 农村人口转移 支农政策 

分 类 号：F304.2[经济管理—产业经济]