杀菌剂和肥料对连作草莓根际土壤微生物多样性的影响  

Effects of Fenaminosulf and Fertilizer on Strawberry Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Diversity under Replant Conditions

作　　者：陈哲[1] 黄静[1] 赵佳[1] 梁宏[1] CHEN Zhe;HUANG Jing;ZHAO Jia;LIANG Hong(Research Center of Biotechnology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2019年第8期1380-1385,1433,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻关项目(YGG17067);山西省农业科学院有机旱作农业研发专项(YCX2018424)山西省应用基础研究项目(201601D202062)

摘　　要：以草莓连作土壤为材料,探讨杀菌剂敌磺钠以及有机肥和微生物菌肥对草莓连作土壤微生物多样性的影响,以期为草莓连作障碍治理提供理论依据。分别采集敌磺钠处理前(A)、敌磺钠处理后(B)、处理后添加化肥(CK)、处理后添加有机肥(OF)、处理后添加微生物菌肥和有机肥(MF)的草莓土壤以及根际土壤样本,利用MiSeq高通量测序平台,根据测序技术及生物信息学,分析土壤微生物多样性在不同处理后的变化。结果表明,草莓连作土壤经过敌磺钠处理后,细菌以及真菌的多样性都有所降低,细菌的Shannon指数从8.93降到7.77,而真菌的Shannon指数从4.52降为0.46;细菌的Methylocaldum属和Phormidium属,真菌中的Zygomycota门、Rozellomycota门和Chytridiomycot门以及Podospora属在敌磺钠处理后,丰度值均为0;与对照比较,在处理后的土壤中添加有机肥和微生物菌肥,都能提高土壤细菌的多样性,降低真菌的多样性,其中,从门水平看,添加微生物菌肥处理后,细菌中的Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Chloroflexi,Firmicutes,[thermi],Cyanobacteria和Basidiomycota的丰度值较高;在属水平上,添加微生物菌肥处理后,细菌中的Pseudomonas,Luteimonas,Lysobacter,Streptomyces,Chloronema,Bacillus,B-42属和真菌中的Podospora属的丰度值较高。采用敌磺钠和微生物菌肥共同处理草莓连作土壤,可以降低真菌的多样性,提高细菌的多样性,并提高有益菌属的丰度值,起到防治草莓土传病害的作用。Strawberry continuous cropping soils were used as material to explore the effects of fenaminosulf disinfection,organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer on strawberry soil microbial diversity under replant conditions,so as to provide theoretical basis for control of strawberry continuous cropping obstacle.Replant soils before(A)or after fenaminosulf disinfection(B)were collected,as the same treatments with the soil samples at stage of flowering with fenaminosulf disinfection(CK),fenaminosulf disinfection and organic fertilizer(OF),fenaminosulf disinfection and microbial fertilizer(MF).In this study,the microbial DNA sequences was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology on MiSeq platform,and related biological analysis was conducted to explore the changes of soil fungal abundances,diversities and structures.The results showed that the bacteria and fungal diversities of replant soils decreased with fenaminosulf disinfection.The Shannon index of bacteria diversities decreased from 8.93 to 7.77,whlie the Shannon index of fungal diversities decreased from 4.52 to 0.46.The proportion of Zygomycota,Rozellomycota,Chytridiomycot,Methylocaldum,Phormidium and Podospora decreased to 0%with fenaminosulf disinfection.Compared with control,the bacteria diversities of the soil after fenaminosulf disinfection increased and the fungal diversities decreased with adding organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer.At phylum level,the proportion of Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Chloroflexi,Firmicutes,[thermi],Cyanobacteria and Basidiomycota with biological fertilizer were apparently higher than others.At genus level,the proportion of Pseudomonas,Luteimonas,Lysobacter,Streptomyces,Chloronema,Bacillus,B-42 and Podospora were significantly high in MF.In conclusion,bacteria diversity increased,fungal diversity decreased and the abundance value of benificial bacteria genus increased with the application of fenaminosulf disinfection and biological fertilizer in strawberry cropping soil.The results indicated that a combination

关 键 词：草莓 敌磺钠 微生物菌肥 细菌多样性 真菌多样性 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]