入侵植物对本地生态系统三级营养关系的调控机制  

Effects of invasive plants on interactions between tritrophics in native ecosystems

作　　者：王毅[1,2] 刘丹凤 王燕 WANG Yi;LIU DanFeng;WANG Yan(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaption and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology & State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan,Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学云南省植物繁殖适应与进化生态学重点实验室,昆明650091 [2]云南大学生态学与进化生物学实验室&省部共建云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,昆明650091

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2019年第7期888-892,共5页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

摘　　要：入侵植物常形成单一优势种群,严重威胁本地的生物多样性和生态系统的结构和功能.入侵植物通过多种方式改变和影响入侵地的生物群落,其对本地植物和植食性昆虫的影响也会传递到更高营养级.研究入侵植物对于不同营养级生物的影响以及其入侵对当地三级营养关系的调控机制,对于揭示植物入侵机制和准确评估入侵后效至关重要.本文从植物-植物关系、植物-昆虫关系、昆虫-天敌关系以及植物-昆虫-天敌三级营养关系等方面系统地解析了外来入侵植物介入本地食物链的机制.采用野外调查、生物测定、化学物质分析、昆虫行为学、挥发性信号物质采集分析等技术和方法,可以从食物链的营养物质流动、化学防御物质级联和信号物质传递三个角度来解析外来入侵植物对不同营养级生物的调控机制.从多营养级互作的角度综述了入侵植物对本地生态系统三级营养关系的调控机制.Invasive plant species often form dense populations, thereby reducing the abundance and diversity of local plant species or altering plant community composition. Consequently, plant invaders may considerably modify the habitat both directly and indirectly. Such changes may, in turn, translate into alterations at higher trophic levels, with consequences that may affect species interactions. Studies investigating the effects of invasive plants on the interactions between tritrophics in native ecosystems are vital to assess the impact of invasive plants on ecosystems. We aim to investigate the mechanisms of the effects of invasive plants on native plant, herbivore, predator, and parasite species. The plant-plant, plant-herbivore, and herbivore-predator interactions will be studied. Moreover, field surveys, open field tests, bioassays, behavior experiments, chemical analyses, and the collection and analysis of plant volatiles will be utilized to reveal the effects of invasive plants on nutrient flow, chemical cascades, and chemical communication in native food chains.

关 键 词：物种互作 多营养级协同进化 选择压力 适应进化 宿主防御 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]