美国对华政策真的形成共识了吗?——基于当前对华政策辩论的分析  

Has the Consensus Really Reached on U. S. Policy Toward China?——Based on an Analysis of Current Debate on U. S. Policy Toward China

作　　者：陶文钊[1] Tao Wenzhao(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS);Institute of American)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院美国研究所

出　　处：《国际关系研究》2019年第3期3-21,M0003,共20页Journal of International Relations

摘　　要：随着特朗普政府《美国国家安全战略》报告的出台和挑起对华贸易摩擦,美国对华政策发生了实质性改变,美国舆情也更加严峻。但这并不是说,美国社会已经真正形成了对华政策的共识。一年多来,许多接触派前政府官员和智库学者发表报告和文章,进行公开辩论,批评政府的对华遏制政策,并提出各自的主张。辩论集中在三个问题上:过去40多年美国对华政策是否失败了?是否要终止对华接触政策?如何修正现行的对华政策?从接触派的大量言论可以看出,美国对华政策实际上并没有形成真正的共识。虽然有的知华派的主张也变得强硬了,但在美国政府非理性主义当道、对华强硬成为"政治正确"的情况下,这些知华派仍然秉持自由主义的理念,反对极端的思维和做法,客观而平心静气地思考中美两国关系并提出自己的主张,仍属难能可贵。With the publication of the Trump Administration’s National Security Strategy and the provocation of the trade frictions with China,U. S. policy toward China has undergone material changes,and the US public opinion has become more hostile. But this is not to say that the American society has truly reached a consensus on U. S. China policy. Many former government officials and think tank scholars in favor of the engagement with China have published reports and articles,as well as have held public debates since the past year,criticizing the Trump Administration’s China containment policy and putting forward their own ideas. The debate concentrates on the three issues: has the U. S. policy toward China over the past forty years failed? Should U. S.policy on engagement with China be terminated? How to rectify the current China policy? It can be seen from the large number of remarks made by those in favor of the engagement with China that there is no consensus really reached on the U. S. China policy. Some American China experts have become tough as well,however,irrationalism is popular in Washington and toughness on China becomes "politically correct",it is still commendable against such background that these China experts still uphold the idea of liberalism and oppose extreme thinking and practice to objectively and calmly think about the relations between the two countries and put forward their own ideas.

关 键 词：中美关系 对华接触政策 利益攸关方 合作性竞争 

分 类 号：D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学]