TIBA对不同耐荫性大豆套作苗期生长和倒伏率的影响  

Effects of Triiodobenzoic Acid (TIBA) on Growth and Lodging Rate of Different Shade-tolerant Soybean During Vegetative Stages Under Relay Intercropping

作　　者：龚万灼[1] 杜成章[1] 龙珏臣 王萍[1] 陈红[1] 王强[1] 张继君[1] GONG Wan-zhuo;DU Cheng-zhang;LONG Jue-chen;WANG Ping;CHEN Hong;WANG Qiang;ZHANG Ji-jun(Research Institute of Characteristic Crops, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所

出　　处：《大豆科学》2019年第4期570-575,共6页Soybean Science

基　　金：重庆市科研院所绩效激励引导专项(cstc2017jxjl80028);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD030170402);国家自然科学基金(31701371)

摘　　要：三碘苯甲酸(TIBA)是一种生长素运输抑制剂,具有抑制顶端生长的作用。为分析套作模式中,喷施TIBA对不同耐荫性大豆品种幼苗期生长和倒伏的调控效应,本研究设置50,100,150,200和250 mg·kg^-1的TIBA浓度处理,以清水和无遮荫为对照处理,调查大豆形态、干物质和倒伏性状。结果表明:与无荫蔽对照相比,荫蔽下大豆株高增加,茎粗、节数、分枝数、SPAD、干物质则显著降低,倒伏率显著增加。喷施TIBA后,大豆株高显著降低,茎粗、节数无改变,分枝数增加,叶面积下降,叶片SPAD无变化,干物质下降,大豆倒伏率显著降低。套作模式下大豆幼苗期TIBA喷施的适宜浓度为50~100 mg·kg^-1,且适宜浓度与品种自身耐荫能力有关,强耐荫品种南豆12适宜浓度为50 mg·kg^-1,而荫蔽敏感型大豆XBM为100 mg·kg^-1。浓度高于150 mg·kg^-1处理虽然更有利于降低株高、减少倒伏,但大豆干物质积累量偏低,不利于培育壮苗。Triiodobenzoic acid(TIBA) is an auxin transportation inhibitor, and can be used to inhibit apical growth. To study the effects of TIBA at early-seedling stages on growth and lodging of soybean, the experiment was conducted by spraying TIBA solution with different concentrations(50,100,150,200 and 250 mg·kg-1), and the water and soybean grown without shade were used as two controls. We measured the morphological of dry matter accumulation and lodging characteristics. The results showed that compared with those plants without shade, plant height increased significantly, while stem diameter, nodes, branches, SPAD and dry mass accumulation reduced significantly, finally lodging rate increased significantly under shade. Under the treatments of spraying TIBA, plant height reduced, stem diameter and nodes didn’t change, branches increased, leaf area reduced, SPAD didn’t change, dry mass accumulation reduced, and the lodging rate reduced significantly. The appropriate concentration of TIBA solution applied on soybean seedling under relay intercropping was 50 to 100 mg·kg^-1, and the concentration was correlated with shade tolerance of soybean variety. For shade-tolerant variety Nandou 12, the appropriate concentration of TIBA was 50 mg·kg^-1, and for shade-sensitive variety, the concentration was 100 mg·kg^-1. Although plant height and lodging could be reduced under the application of higher TIBA concentrations over 150 mg·kg^-1, the dry matter accumulation could be inhibited, therefore the treatment of higher TIBA concentration was harmful for cultivating healthy seedlings.

关 键 词：大豆 套作 三碘苯甲酸 耐荫性 倒伏 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]