倒班作业对石油化工企业男性工人血压的影响  

On the effect of shift work on blood pressure of male workers in petrochemical enterprise

作　　者：陈思枝[1] 张丹英[1] 李聪[1] 刘庆凤[1] 肖明慧[1] 王海兰[1] CHEN Si-zhi;ZHANG Dan-ying;LI Cong;LIU Qing-feng;XIAO Ming-hui;WANG Hai-lan(Guangdong Provincial Institute of Occupational Diseases,Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Occupational Disease Control,Guangzhou 510300 China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院广东省职业病防治重点实验室

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2019年第4期255-259,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：广东省职业病防治重点实验室开放运行(2017B030314152);广东省医学科研基金(B2018251)

摘　　要：目的探讨倒班作业对石油化工企业男性工人血压的影响。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取某石油化工企业981名男性工人为研究对象。根据是否倒班的情况,分为倒班组619人和非倒班组362人(两组人群在年龄、BMI等混淆因素均衡),分析倒班作业对2组人群血压的影响。并进一步分析倒班工龄对倒班作业人群的血压和高血压患病率的影响。结果倒班组与非倒班组的收缩压、舒张压和高血压患病率分别比较,倒班组均高于非倒班组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按倒班工龄四分位数间距划分的4组人群,收缩压、舒张压水平和高血压患病率分别比较,倒班工龄4组收缩压、舒张压水平和高血压患病率高于其他三组。利用多元线性回归分析,排除混杂因素后发现倒班作业人群随着倒班工龄的增加,收缩压和舒张压水平也升高(P<0.05)。利用二分类多因素logistics回归分析,排除混杂因素后发现倒班组患高血压的风险为非倒班组人群的1.5倍(P<0.05)。并且倒班工龄4组罹患高血压的风险为倒班工龄1组人群的2.7倍(P<0.05)。结论倒班作业可使男性工人血压升高,并且增加男性工人患高血压的风险。Objective To investigate the effect of shift work on the blood pressure of male workers in petrochemical enterprises. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 981 male workers from a petrochemical enterprise. There were 619 people in the shift group and 362 people in the non-shift group(the two groups were equalized in age,BMI and other confounding factors). The effect of shift work on the blood pressure of the two groups was analyzed. Results The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and hypertension prevalence were compared between the shift group and the non-shift group. The shift group was higher than the non-shift group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension were compared in the four groups of people divided by the inter-quartile range of shifting working years. The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension were higher in the No.4 group of the shift working years than in the other three groups. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure were also increased in the shift group after controlling other factors(P<0.05). The two-category multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated 1.5 times higher of the risk of hypertension in the shift group than that in the non-shift group(P<0.05). The risk of hypertension in the shift group was 2.7 times in the No.4 group of the shift working years than No.1 group(P<0.05). Conclusions Shift work can increase the blood pressure of male workers and increase the risk of hypertension among male workers.

关 键 词：倒班作业 高血压 职业危害因素 石油化工企业 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]