扩散阴极用多孔钨基体材料的评述  

Review on the Porous Tungsten Matrix Materials of Dispenser Cathodes

作　　者：周增林 何学良 李艳 惠志林 王伏 谢元锋 Zhou Zenglin;He Xueliang;Li Yan;Hui Zhilin;Wang Fu;Xie Yuanfeng(GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China)

机构地区：[1]有研工程技术研究院有限公司,北京101407

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2019年第7期2386-2392,共7页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0306000);进口替代专项

摘　　要：本文综述了扩散阴极对钨基体材料孔隙特性的设计要求。以其制备为主线,介绍了钨粉预处理、钨粉成形、钨压坯烧结、多孔钨渗(去)铜、钨骨架的热等静压及深冷加工;最后总结了钨基体材料的性能表征手段。阴极用钨粉等离子球化、挤压或注射成形是未来的发展趋势;钨骨架的热等静压改性有助于高的可靠性和长寿命;多孔钨的深冷加工是一种可持续的先进加工方法,有望实现钨基体的短流程制造。This paper first reviewed the pore design requirements of porous tungsten matrix materials (PTMM). Secondly, the preparations of PTMM as the main line were introduced, including the process of tungsten powder pretreatment and forming, tungsten compact sintering, copper infiltration and removal, porous tungsten HIP and cryogenic machining. Finally, the test methods of properties of PTMM were summarized. Tungsten powders plasma spheroidization, tungsten compact extrusion and injection moulding are a future development trend for the dispenser cathodes matrix. Porous tungsten capsule-free HIP contributes to high-reliability and long-life of dispenser cathodes. Porous tungsten cryogenic machining, an advanced sustainable process, is capable of short process manufacturing for porous tungsten matrix of dispenser cathodes.

关 键 词：扩散阴极 多孔钨基体 熔渗铜 不封装的热等静压 深冷加工 

分 类 号：TG146.411[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]