‘晨光’大花金鸡菊花芽分化及光周期特性研究  

Study on floral bud differentiation and photoperiod characteristics of Coreopsis grandiflora ‘Early Sunrise’

作　　者：胡晓龙 田绍泽 胡惠蓉[2] HU Xiaolong;TIAN Shaoze;HU Huirong(Vocational and Technical College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Baotou 014109,China;Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology,Ministry of Education,College of Horticulture and Forestry Science,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古包头014109 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期43-47,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同光周期处理下大花金鸡菊花芽分化形态和营养生长的相关性。【方法】将大花金鸡菊出苗后分别培养在长日照和短日照条件下,通过制作石蜡切片观测各自花芽分化的进程,并记录各时期的出苗周数、株高、株幅、真叶数和分枝数。【结果】①大花金鸡菊品种‘晨光’花芽分化时期分为8个阶段。在长日照(LD)和短日照(SD)两种光周期下,其花芽分化在出苗第17周分别处于花序原基分化期和营养生长前期,即从这周起植株对长日照光周期诱导开始反应;②‘晨光’的各生长指标(株高、分枝数、株幅)与其花芽分化时期均极显著相关,其中对光周期越敏感的指标,与花芽分化时期的相关性也越大;③花序原基分化期至苞片原基分化期是LD对‘晨光’的主要开花诱导时期。【结论】以花芽分化量化指标tDP(花序原基分化期)=3为标准,株高为20.60 cm、株幅为26.01 cm、分枝数为13时进行长日照诱导,则开花较快且开花品质较高。【Objective】This research aimed to characterize the morphological differentiation phases of Coreopsis grandiflora ‘Early Sunrise’ and their relationship with vegetative growth.【Method】Two cohorts of seedlings were cultivated separately with long or short photoperiods, respectively. Stages of flower bud differentiation were histologically observed by making paraffin slices. The C. grandiflora growth time(in weeks), plant height, crown diameter, and leaf number were also recorded for flower groups in each bud differentiation phase.【Result】The C. grandiflora displays eight distinct phases of flower bud differentiation. The C. grandiflora exposed to long and short photoperiod had flower buds in inflorescence primordium and vegetative growth prophase in week 17, respectively(i.e., the plants began to respond to the long photoperiods from this week). We found significant linear relationships between height, branch number, crown diameter, and the bud differentiation phases of C. grandiflora. We also showed that increasing the photoperiod sensitivity index strengthened the correlation with the flower bud differentiation phase. The results of these studies indicate that the "inflorescence primordium differentiation phase" to the "bract primordium differentiation phase" is the main period of C. grandiflora flowering induction under the long photoperiod.【Conclusion】According to the quantitative indicator tDP = 3 of flower bud differentiation, flowering can be induced by long days until the plant height reaches 20.60 cm, crown diameter is 26.01 cm, and branch number is 13. Under these conditions,‘Early Sunrise’ blooms earlier, with higher flower quality.

关 键 词：大花金鸡菊 光周期 形态 花芽分化 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]