山茶油碱催化水解工艺研究  

Study on Fatty Acid Composition and Base Catalytic Hydrolysis of Camellia Oil

作　　者：张松松 苏良佺 吴阳 柯金炼[2] 游瑞云 卢玉栋 ZHANG Song-song;SU Liang-quan;WU Yang;KE Jin-Uan;YOU Rui-yun;LU Yu-dong(College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of advanced Oriented Chemical Engineer, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117,China;Fujian Academy of Forestry,Fuzhou 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学化学与材料学院,福建省先进材料化工基础重点实验室,福建福州350117 [2]福建省林业科学研究院,福建福州350012

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期44-49,共6页Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：福建省科技厅产学研项目(2017N5007);福建省科技厅公益性项目(2019R1009-8);福建省林业厅林业科研项目(闽林科[2017] 3号)

摘　　要：以山茶油为原料,通过气相色谱对其脂肪酸组成和相对含量进行研究,发现山茶油脂肪酸组成和相对含量(质量分数)是:棕榈酸占8.43%、硬脂酸占2.34%、油酸80.01%、亚油酸8.46%、亚麻酸0.61%和花生烯酸0.15%.采用碱催化法对山茶油进行水解,考察了KOH用量、油水比、醇油比、反应温度以及反应时间对山茶油水解的影响,根据单因素实验和正交试验得出山茶油最佳的水解工艺为:KOH质量比取1.1,油水比取2∶1,醇油比取2∶1,反应温度60℃,反应时间90min,此时产物酸值每g KOH为204.89mg,对产物进行气相分析,发现其脂肪酸的相对含量与未水解的成品山茶油相差不大.Using Camellia oil as raw material,the fatty acid composition and relative content of Camellia oil were studied by gas chromatography. It was found that the fatty acid composition and relative content of Camellia oil were 8. 43% for palmitic acid、2. 34% for stearic acid、80. 01% for oleic acid.、linoleic acid 8. 46%、linolenic acid 0. 61% and arachidonic acid 0. 15%. The effects of KOH dosage,oil-water ratio,alcohol-oil ratio,reaction temperature and reaction time on the hydrolysis of Camellia oil were investigated by alkali catalysis method. According to single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment,the optimum hydrolysis process of Camellia oil was obtained as follows: KOH equivalent 1. 1,oil-water ratio 2 ∶ 1,alcohol-oil ratio 2 ∶ 1,reaction temperature 60℃,reaction time 90 min,the product acid value was 204. 89 mg KOH·g^-1. Gas phase analysis of the product showed that the relative content of fatty acids was not much different from the unhydrolyzed Camellia oil.

关 键 词：山茶油 脂肪酸 碱催化 水解 酸值 

分 类 号：O69[理学—化学]