庐山不同海拔茶树光合响应差异研究  

Different Photosynthetic Responses of Camellia sinensis to Lushan Altitude Gradient

作　　者：程冬梅 张丽[1] 韦红飞 江新凤[3] 周赛霞[1] 张志勇[1] 彭焱松[1] CHENG Dongmei;ZHANG Li;WEI Hongfei;JIANG Xinfeng;ZHOU Saixia;ZHANG Zhiyong;PENG Yansong(Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ex Situ Conservation and Utilization,Lushan Botanical Garden,Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jiujiang 332900,China;Jiujiang Lushan Mount Tea Research Institute,Jiujiang 332900,China;Jiangxi Sericulture and Tea Research Institute,Nanchang 330202,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院庐山植物园,江西省植物迁地保护与利用重点实验室,江西九江332900 [2]九江市庐山茶叶科学研究所,江西九江332900 [3]江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所,江西南昌330202

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2019年第4期447-454,共8页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20161BBF60054);中国科学院重点部署项目(KFJ-3W-N01-143);江西省火炬计划(20111BBE51005);江西省科研基础条件和能力建设项目(2017ZDD01002,2018ZDD10002)

摘　　要：为明确茶树光合活性和光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的光抑制对海拔梯度的响应规律,以茶树品种庐山本地群体种为材料,观测了庐山5个不同海拔高度茶树叶片的光合气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明,叶片厚度、最大净光合速率(Pnmax)、PSⅡ最大相对电子传递速率[rETR(Ⅱ)max]、光补偿点(Ic)、光饱和点(Isat)、半饱和光强(Ik)、水分利用效率(WUE)等随海拔升高呈增加趋势,水汽压亏缺(VPD)、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、暗呼吸速率(Rd)等随海拔升高而呈下降趋势。PSⅡ潜在最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)随海拔升高而增加;PSⅡ非调节性能量耗散量子产量[Y(NO)]随海拔升高而降低。PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量[Φ(Ⅱ)]、光化学淬灭(qP)、PSⅡ相对电子传递速率[rETR(Ⅱ)]均随海拔升高而增加。综上分析,茶树在庐山低海拔处的光合作用和PSⅡ活性显著低于高海拔处,这与低海拔处叶片PSⅡ受到光抑制密切相关。To illustrate the photosynthetic response and photosystemⅡ(PSⅡ)photoinhibition of tea leaves to altitudinal gradient,native tea population of Camellia sinensis grown in the cloudy and misty Lushan Mount was measured in terms of photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence.Results show that the leaf thickness,maximum photosynthesis rate(Pnmax),maximum relative electron transport rate of PSⅡ[rETR(Ⅱ)]max,compensation irradiation(Ic),saturation irradiation(Isat),half saturation irradiation(Ik)and water usage efficiency(WUE)increased with the altitude increased.While vapor pressure deficit(VPD),stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,intercellular CO2 and dark respiration rate(Rd)displayed an opposite trend.The maximum potential photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm)increased while the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation of PSⅡ[Y(NO)]decreased with the altitude increased.The effective photochemical quantum yield of PSⅡ[Φ(Ⅱ)],photochemical quenching(qP)and relative electron transport rate of PSⅡ[rETR(Ⅱ)]all increased at higher altitudes.Overall,tea trees at lower altitudes exhibited decrease of photosynthetic performance compared to those at higher altitudes,due to photoinhibition of PSⅡ.

关 键 词：庐山云雾茶 海拔梯度 光合作用 气体交换 叶绿素荧光 光抑制 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]