人工耳蜗在老年极重度耳聋人群中的应用  

The Application of Cochlear Implant in Profound Hearing-Impaired Elderly People

作　　者：李俊娟 熊向菁 王青海 韩淼[2] LI JUN-Juan;XIONG Xiang-Jing;Wang Qing Hai;Han-Miao

机构地区：[1]西宁市第一人民医院,西宁810001 [2]延安大学附属医院,延安716099

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2019年第4期314-316,318,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的探讨人工耳蜗在老年极重度耳聋人群中的应用。方法选择2015年8月~2018年4月延安大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉科诊治的极重度聋老年患者132例,根据助听方式的不同分为人工耳蜗组70例与助听器组62例,两组患者康复6个月后,观察其韵母、声母、单音节词识别率在0.5、1、2、4 kHz频率下的助听阈值,以及解决问题、求助、幻想、自责等行为评分及生活质量评分,并进行对比分析。结果人工耳蜗组的韵母、声母、单音节词识别率显著高于助听器组(P<0.05)。人工耳蜗组在0.5、1、2、4kHz频率下的助听阈值显著低于助听器组(P<0.05)。人工耳蜗组的解决问题与求助评分显著高于助听器组(P<0.05),幻想与自责评分显著低于助听器组(P<0.05)。人工耳蜗组的躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、敌对、抑郁等评分显著低于助听器组(P<0.05)。结论相对于助听器,人工耳蜗在极重度老年听障人群中的应用能提高患者的言语识别率,降低助听阈值,从而提高患者的生活质量。但在选择时,应根据个体生理与心理情况,经评估后谨慎选择。Objective To explore the application of cochlear implant in profound hearing-impaired elderly people.Methods 132 elderly patients with profound hearing impairment were selected from August 2015 to April 2018 in the otolaryngology department of Yan’an University Affiliated Hospital;they were divided into the cochlear implant group with70 patients and the hearing aid group with 62 patients according to the different intervention methods of hearing.After 6 months of rehabilitation,the two groups of patients observed the rate of recognition of finals,initials,and monosyllabic words,hearing aid thresholds at 0.5,1,2,and 4 kHz,solving problems,seeking help,fantasy,and self-blame.Results The recognition rates of vowels,initials and monosyllabic words in the cochlear implant group after rehabilitation were significantly higher than those in the hearing aid group(P<0.05).The aided thresholds of the cochlear implant group at 0.5,1,2 and 4 kHz were significantly lower than those of the hearing aid group(P<0.05).After rehabilitation,the problemsolving and help-seeking scores of the cochlear implant group were significantly higher than those of the hearing aid group(P<0.05),and the fantasy and self-blame scores were lower than the hearing aid group(P<0.05).After rehabilitation,the scores of somatization,compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,hostility and depression in the cochlear implant group were significantly lower than those in the hearing aid group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with hearing aids,the application of cochlear implants in profound hearing-impaired elderly patients can improve the speech recognition rate and have lower aided threshold,thus improve the patient’s life behavior and quality of life.

关 键 词：助听器 人工耳蜗 老年极重度聋 言语识别 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]