非市场经济地位对中国对外贸易影响的量化分析——以美国对华反倾销为例  

Quantitative Analysis of the Impact of Non-Market Economy Status on China’s Export Trade: Taking US Anti-dumping against China as an Example

作　　者：屠新泉[1] 李帅帅 TU Xin-quan;LI Shuai-shuai

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学中国WTO研究院

出　　处：《国际经贸探索》2019年第8期104-122,共19页International Economics and Trade Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA098);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(16JJD790008);对外经济贸易大学研究生科研创新项目基金(201841)

摘　　要：美国在反倾销实践中一直将中国视为非市场经济国家,并在对华反倾销中使用"替代国"成本计算方法。国内外学者均认为这种替代国做法会对反倾销税率和我国出口贸易产生严重的负面影响。然而,由于难以将非市场经济地位这一因素单独剥离出来,目前仍然缺乏对非市场经济地位到底对中国遭受反倾销以及中国对外贸易有多大影响的量化分析。因此,文章尝试以对华反倾销最多且一直使用替代国做法的美国为例,筛选出在同一案例中同时涉及中国以及其他国家的反倾销案例,通过比较中国和市场经济国家的同一出口产品被征收不同反倾销税率的情况以及这些反倾销税对我国对美出口的影响,从而尽可能准确分析非市场经济地位因素如何导致中国企业在美国反倾销中遭受歧视以及如何影响中国企业对美出口,以此直观衡量其影响。The United States has always regarded China as a non-market economy country in the anti-dumping practice and applied the cost calculation method of"surrogate country"in the anti-dumping against China. The scholars at home and abroad believe that this"surrogate country"practice will have a serious negative impact on the anti-dumping duty rate and China’s export trade. However,due to the difficulty in separating the factor of non-market economy status alone,there is still a lack of quantitative analysis of the impact of non-market economy status on China’s suffering of anti-dumping and its foreign trade.Therefore,this paper attempts to take the United States,which has implemented the most anti-dumping measures against China and has always applied the"surrogate country"practice,as an example to screen out the anti-dumping cases involving China and other countries in the same case. By comparing the different anti-dumping duty rates imposed on the same export product of China and the market economy countries as well as the impact of those anti-dumping duties on China’s exports to the United States,this paper tries to analyze as accurately as possible how the factor of non-market economy status leads to the discrimination against China’s enterprises in US anti-dumping and how it affects the exports of China’s enterprises to the United States,so as to measure the impact intuitively.

关 键 词：非市场经济地位 替代国 反倾销税率 贸易限制效应 贸易转移效应 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]