基于地理加权回归的小麦测土配方施肥效果空间分析  

Spatial Analysis of the Effect of Soil-Testing-Based-Formulated-Fertilization of Wheat Based on Geographically Weighted Regression

作　　者：巫振富 赵彦锋[2] 程道全 陈杰[2] WU Zhenfu;ZHAO Yanfeng;CHENG Daoquan;CHEN Jie(School of Public Administration,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Station of Soil and Fertilizer Extension Service,Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共管理学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州大学农学院,郑州450001 [3]河南省土壤肥料站,郑州450002

出　　处：《土壤学报》2019年第4期860-872,共13页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（40971128）资助~~

摘　　要：测土配方施肥增产、增收效果的空间分异状况,是因地制宜校正配方施肥技术参数、优化肥料配方的科学依据。收集整理南阳市296个小麦测土配方施肥"三区示范"田间试验点数据,在施肥量空间化估算和小麦产量—施肥量地理加权回归(GWR)模型构建的基础上,分析评价不同空间位置测土配方施肥相较于传统施肥模式的增产、增收效果。结果显示,两种施肥模式下研究区小麦产量空间分布格局相似,测土配方施肥将小麦产量由传统施肥模式的5970kg·hm^-2提升至6672kg·hm^-2,平均增产率为11.76%(各县区市增产率幅度为7.04~17.91%),平均增收1 232 Yuan·hm^-2(各县区市增收幅度为713~1 672 Yuan·hm^-2)。研究结果表明,测土配方施肥效果空间分异明显,增产、增收较高的区域分布在南召县、西峡县、镇平县、新野县和社旗县,内乡县、唐河县和桐柏县的某些区域存在减产、减收现象;测土配方施肥虽然可以在总体上提高研究区小麦产量,但本区小麦产量的空间分布格局主要受立地条件、土壤条件和管理水平等区域性耕地基础地力要素制约。【Objective】This study was conducted to investigate spatial variation of the effect of soiltesting-based-formulated-fertilization of wheat,as compared with conventional fertilization,in an attempt to provide a scientific basis for adjusting technical parameters and optimizing fertilizer formula specifically for a farmland.【Method】Data were collected from 296 field experiment sites set for demonstration of soil-testing-based-formulated-fertilization(STBFF)of wheat in Nanyang city for analysis and evaluation of effects of STBFF on yield and income of wheat at various locations as compared with conventional fertilization,based on spatialized estimation of fertilization rate and modeling of geographically weighted regression(GWR)for relationship between wheat yield and fertilization rate.The spatial variation of the effect of STBFF of wheat,embodied by increment in wheat yield and income,was evaluated on the basis of the prediction of wheat yield and analysis of its spatial distribution pattern.【Result】The spatial distribution pattern of wheat yield of the STBFF was similar to that of the conventional fertilization.The wheat yield was increased from 5 970 kg·hm^-2 to 6 672 kg·hm^-2,when conventional fertilization was converted into STBFF,with an average increment of wheat yield being 11.76%(the increment varied with the county in the range of 7.04%~17.91%)and an average increment of income being 1 232 Yuan·hm^-2(the increment varied with the county in the range of 713 Yuan·hm^-2~1 672 Yuan·hm^-2).【Conclusion】Spatial variation of the effects was quite obvious.The regions enjoying high increments of wheat yield and income were distributed mainly in Nanzhao,Xixia,Zhenping,Xinye and Sheqi counties,however,some regions in Neixiang,Tanghe and Tongbai counties suffered negative effects.Although STBFF can improve generally yield of the wheat in Nanyang city,the spatial distribution pattern of wheat yield in this area is affected by some factors like physical conditions,soil conditions and agricultural man

关 键 词：测土配方施肥 小麦产量 耕地 地理加权回归模型 空间分析 

分 类 号：S147[农业科学—肥料学]