赤水河上游大河村至三层岩段洞穴发育特征及机理  

Cave development characteristics and mechanism in upstream of Chishui River from Dahecun to Sancengyan

作　　者：罗书文[1] 杨桃 陈伟海[1] 邓亚东[1] 覃星铭[1] 韦跃龙[1] 潘晓东[1] LUO Shu-wen;YANG Tao;CHEN Wei-hai;DENG Ya-dong;QIN Xing-ming;WEI Yue-long;PAN Xiao-dong(Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Guilin 541004, China;No.12 Middle School of Guiyang, Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西壮族自治区岩溶动力重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]贵阳第十二中学,贵阳550002

出　　处：《桂林理工大学学报》2019年第2期341-348,共8页Journal of Guilin University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41502257);中国地质科学院院长基金项目(YYWF201638);岩溶地质研究所所长基金项目(2014022);中国地质大调查项目(DD20160285; DD20190022);毕节鸡鸣三省·贵州地质公园申报项目

摘　　要：赤水河上游大河村至三层岩段,位于云贵高原向四川盆地过渡的岩溶斜坡地带。区内地质条件结构复杂,具有典型的侏罗山式构造,沟壑纵横河谷深切,岩溶洞穴极其发育。岩溶洞穴在空间上的分布与区内碳酸盐岩地层出露面积、岩性及岩层厚度有密切联系,洞穴形态结构受岩层产状、断层和节理构造、新构造运动和地貌条件等因素的影响,表现出3个特征:①赤水河两岸分水岭地带发育水平洞穴和落水洞;②赤水河谷斜坡地带发育水平洞穴或倾斜洞穴;③在分水岭地带发育2层洞穴,河谷发育3层洞穴,斜坡地带洞穴成层性不显著。依据洞穴形成条件、洞穴空间展布特征,从地下水文流场网论述了区内岩溶洞穴的形成与演化特征。The section from Dahecun to Sancengyan in the upper reaches of Chishui River is located in the karst slope zone from the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau to Sichuan basin. The geological condition structure of the area is complex with typical Jurassic mountain structure. The gullies are deep in the valley in length and breadth and karst caves are extremely developed. The spatial distribution of karst caves is closely related to the exposed area of carbonate strata, lithology and thickness of rock in the area. Since cave morphology and structure are affected by factors including attitude of rocks, fault and joint structure, neotectonic movement and geomorphological conditions, there are the following three characteristics:①Horizontal caves and sinkhole developed in the watershed zone on both sides of the Chishui River.②Horizontal or inclined caves are developed in the slope of Chishui valley.③There are two-story caves in the watershed and three-story caves in the river valley. The layer of cave in slope zone is not significant. Based on the formation conditions of caves and their spatial distribution characteristics, this paper discusses the formation and evolution characteristics of karst caves in the area from the underground hydrological flow field network.

关 键 词：岩溶洞穴 发育特征 形成与演化 大河村至三层岩 赤水河上游 

分 类 号：P642.254[天文地球—工程地质学]