另一种五四新文化——梁漱溟对《新青年》的回应  

Another Kind of May 4th New Culture——Liang Shuming’s responses to New Youth

作　　者：李永中[1] LI Yong-zhong

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学文学院

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第4期26-33,I0001,共9页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“百年《新青年》阐释史研究”(18BZW133);华南师范大学留学基金委基金项目

摘　　要：当新文化运动风起云涌时,梁漱溟正执教北大;但倍感压抑,以出世之心做孔子之研究,组建孔子哲学研究会,试图发出微弱的声音。其《东西文化及其哲学》对《新青年》做出回应,以为陈独秀、胡适等人主张西方化,却将东西文化根本对立,错误地把孔子等同于他们所批判的中国适用之文化,没有透彻理解孔子精神对于中国人伦社会之意义,没有找到疗治文化破坏所造成的伦理崩溃的方法。从罗素、柏格森和倭铿等对西方文化的反思中,梁漱溟发现东西文化并非二元对立;相反,可通过某种途径调和融通为一个整体,以对新文化的偏向进行修正,即用孔子的有情的刚动的人生态度来容纳科学民主的精神,使新文化本土化、扎根化,破除所谓道器、体用之二元论,使东西文化相互牵连、彼此互渗、新旧会通,从而形成另一种五四新文化,促使中国的文艺复兴。梁漱溟并非学界所谓的反新文化的保守主义者,而是体现了五四新文化的丰富性和多维性。When the New Culture Movement was surging, Liang Shuming was teaching in Peking University, but he was very depressed, so he tried to make a weak voice by studying Confucius and establishing the Confucian philosophy research institute. His The Oriental and Western Cultures and Their Philosophies responded to New Youth , pointing out that the westernization assertion of Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi and some other scholars set the eastern and western cultures against each other thoroughly, erroneously equate Confucius with their criticism of Chinese culture, failed to thoroughly understand the spirit of Confucius for Chinese ethics of social significance, and found no cure for the ethical breakdown caused by cultural destruction. From the reflection of Russell, Bergson and Eucken on western culture, Liang Shuming found that the eastern and western cultures were not dualistic opposite, instead, they may somehow be reconciled and integrate with each other, so that the new culture can be revised, with the Confucian sentient “just” move attitude towards life accommodating the scientific and democratic spirit, making the new culture being localized and rooted, and getting rid of the dualism. Thus, the eastern and western cultures can connect with each other, penetrate into each other, take in old and new elements, and then form another kind of May 4 th New Culture, so as to promote the Renaissance of China. It can be seen that Liang Shuming is not the so-called anti-new culture conservative in the academic circle, but reflects the richness and multi-dimensional nature of the May 4 th new culture.

关 键 词：梁漱溟 《东西文化及其哲学》 《新青年》刚 五四新文化 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]