基于轴心轨迹形态的转子裂纹故障分析与诊断  

Analysis and Diagnosis of Rotor Crack Fault Based on Morphological Characteristics of Axis Orbits

作　　者：向玲[1] 张悦[1] XIANG Ling;ZHANG Yue(Mechanical Engineering Department,North China Electric Power University Baoding,071003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学(保定)机械工程系

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2019年第4期760-766,903,904,共9页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675178)

摘　　要：基于转子系统轴心轨迹的形态分析,提出一种对多故障中的裂纹故障进行初步诊断的简便方法。通过对转子系统1/2临界转速附近的轴心轨迹形态分析,表明在1/2临界转速附近,裂纹-碰摩双故障转子系统轴心轨迹的内环形状随着转速的变化而改变,内环的偏置方向也随转速旋转一定角度。在碰摩转子系统中,其1/2临界转速附近的轴心轨迹形态与裂纹-碰摩双故障转子有明显区别。多故障系统轴心轨迹的形态分析为对其中的裂纹故障进行初步诊断提供了新方法,使转子故障诊断效率得到提高。同时结合分岔图及频谱图对不同转子系统的动力学响应进行了分析,利用Bently转子实验台对裂纹转子系统的轴心轨迹进行了实验验证。When the crack and rub-impact coexist in the rotor system,nonlinear behaviors of the system become more complex.In light of this problem,the rotor crack faults are analyzed and diagnose.First,the dynamic model of crack and the rub-impact rotor is established,a diagnosis method of crack fault is proposed based on the change of morphological characteristics of axis orbits in multiple faults.The morphological characteristics of axis orbits are analyzed around the 1/2 subcritical speed zone.The results show that the shapes of inner loops are changed and the offset direction of inner loops rotates a certain angle in the neighborhood of 1/2 subcritical speed.Axis orbits around the 1/2 subcritical speed zone are evidently different between the crack and rub-impact rotor and the rub-impact rotor.Then,the analysis of morphological characteristics of axis orbits provides a simple and novel method for the preliminary diagnosis of crack fault in the multi-fault rotor system,which improves the efficiency of fault diagnosis.Meanwhile,the dynamic response of different rotor systems is analyzed by the bifurcation and frequency spectra.Finally,the experiments are conducted on Bently rotor test rig to verify the simulation results of the crack rotor system.

关 键 词：转子 裂纹 碰摩 临界转速 轴心轨迹 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH165.3