应激颗粒研究进展及相关技术  

Research progress of stress granules with related techniques

作　　者：潘昕祺 王爽[1] 崔亚宁[1] 林金星[1] PAN Xin-qi;WANG Shuang;CUI Ya-ning;LIN Jin-xing(College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2019年第4期420-428,共9页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.31530084)

摘　　要：应激颗粒(stress granules,SGs)是真核细胞在应对如内质网应激、热休克、缺氧以及砷酸盐等胁迫刺激时,在胞质中形成的致密颗粒物.其主要结构组成包括翻译起始阶段的mRNAs、翻译起始因子、RNA结合蛋白和非RNA结合蛋白等.SGs的产生过程被认为是真核细胞在面对胁迫刺激时的一种自我保护机制.目前对SGs的装配、转移和解聚等过程的研究已取得一些进展,但其机理还有待进一步探究.本文就SGs的结构、动态组装与降解过程、功能特性及研究手段等几方面进行综述,为进一步探究SGs及相关蛋白的结构和功能提供参考.Stress granules are dense particles produced in the cytoplasm when cells react to stress stimuli such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, heat shock, hypoxia, arsenate, etc. Its main structural components include mRNAs, RNA-binding protein and non-RNA binding protein in the initial stage of translation. The production of SGs is considered to be a self-protective mechanism of eukaryotic cells in response to stress stimulation. So far, some progress has been made on the assembly, transfer and depolymerization of SGs, but its mechanism needs to be further explored. The research of SGs is a new field in recent years. It has developed relevant technical means to analyze its structure, composition and dynamic process. In this paper, the structure, dynamic assembly and degradation process, functional characteristics and research methods of SGs are reviewed, which provides a reference for further study and research on the structure and function of SGs and related proteins.

关 键 词：核糖核蛋白体 应激颗粒 P小体 相变 

分 类 号：Q51[生物学—生物化学] Q7