爪哇香茅蒸馏和贮存时间对挥发油得率及特征组分的影响  

Effect of Distillation and Storage Time on Oil Yield and Characteristic Components of Citronella(Java type)

作　　者：周丽珠[1] 谷瑶[1,2] 杨漓[1] 陈明江 温如斯 ZHOU Lizhu;GU Yao;YANG Li;CHEN mingjiang;WEN Rusi(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy of Forestry Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530002;School of Economies and Management,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Fangchenggang Agroforestry Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Fangchenggang,Nanning,Guangxi 538029)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002 [2]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [3]防城港市绿华源农林科技有限公司,广西南宁538029

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2019年第6期89-93,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广西重点研发计划(No.桂科AB18221049);广西林科院基本科研业务费专项(No.林科201818号);百色市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(No.百科20184735)

摘　　要：为了研究不同蒸馏和贮存时间爪哇香茅得油率以及特征组分的变化情况,采用水蒸汽蒸馏法对7月采集的爪哇香茅进行得油率测定,利用气相色谱(GC)对爪哇香茅油的化学成分进行定量分析,采用GC峰面积归一化法定量,观察蒸馏和贮存时间对爪哇香茅挥发油成分的影响。实验结果表明:爪哇香茅得油率(绝干计)随着蒸馏时间延长而增加,在90 min之后趋向稳定,其特征组分含量在蒸馏时间60 min达到QB/T 1033-2011规定要求;当蒸馏时间为150 min时,香茅醛含量降至23.238%,明显低于QB/T 1033-2011规定要求。爪哇香茅草阴干贮存,一周之内水分明显降低,绝干得油率整体呈下降趋势,降低幅度较小,爪哇香茅油特征组分在贮存7 d之内变化较小,贮存第14天,香茅醛含量降为31.223%,之后呈稳定趋势,香叶醇和香茅醇含量随着贮存时间的延长而明显增加。由此可见,蒸馏和贮存时间对爪哇香茅加工十分重要,厂家可根据生产实际和市场需求选择合适的蒸馏时间和贮存时间。The oil of citronella,Java type(Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt),harvested in July was extracted by using the steam distillation method in order to study the oil yield and characteristic components in different durations of distillation and storage time.The characteristic composition of the Java Citronella oil was quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography(GC)with peak area normalization.The results showed that oil yield(based on dry weight)increased and tended to stabilize after 90 min distillation and that the content of its characteristic components reached the standard of QB/T 1033-2011 in 60 min distillation.When the distillation time duration was 150 min,the content of citronellal decreased to 23.238%which was obviously lower than the allowed value set by the industry standard QB/T 1033-2011.The water content in the fresh leaves of C.winterianus air dried and stored was significantly reduced in one week after harvested,and the oil yield dropped slowly with the storage.The contents of the characteristic components of the Java citronella oil showed little change with the storage in 7 days.However,the content of citronellal decreased to 31.223%after 14 days of storage and then tended to be stable.The total contents of geraniol and citronellol increased significantly with storage.It was concluded that duration of distillation and storage time is very important to the processing of C.winterianus,and that the appropriate distillation and storage time duration should be considered according to the volatile oil extraction and market demand.

关 键 词：爪哇香茅 挥发油 蒸馏时间 贮存时间 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] TQ6542[农业科学—植物保护]