安徽省发热伴血小板减少综合征病例的流行病学与临床特征分析  

Epidemiological and clinical features of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases,Anhui

作　　者：龚磊[1] 朱敬蕊[2] 张勇[3] 汪金生[4] 吕勇[5] 张磊[6] 宋丹丹[1] 吴家兵[1] 苏斌[1] GONG Lei;ZHU Jing-rui;ZHANG Yong;WANG Jin-sheng;LV Yong;ZHANG Lei;SONG Dan-dan;WU Jia-bing;SU Bin(Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230601 [2]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院,安徽蚌埠233004 [3]滁州市疾病预防控制中心,安徽滁州239000 [4]安庆市疾病预防控制中心,安徽安庆246004 [5]六安市疾病预防控制中心,安徽六安237008 [6]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230061

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第15期2696-2700,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：安徽省卫生计生委科研计划项目(公共卫生与预防医学);课题号:2017jk004

摘　　要：目的分析安徽省发热伴血小板减少综合征病例的流行病学与临床特征。方法运用统一的调查问卷对发热伴血小板减少综合征病例进行个案调查,采用描述性、分析流行病学的方法进行统计分析。结果 514例安徽省SFTS病例发病集中于5-10月,年龄中位数64岁,40岁以上占90.4%;职业以农民为主,占85.2%。85.7%的病例在发病前一个月居住在丘陵或山区,户外活动包括种地(55.0%)、采茶(22.3%)和割草(18.7%);16.0%的病例报告发病前有蜱虫叮咬史;5.4%的病例发病前接触过类似病人;44.4%的病例家中饲养动物。病例首发症状与体征包括发热(98.0%)、乏力(83.9%)、畏寒(60.8%)、血小板减少(100%)和白细胞降低(100%);发病至初次就诊时间间隔平均3.1 d,发病至初次住院时间间隔平均5.8 d。结论居住于丘陵或山区的年龄>40岁农民是发热伴血小板减少综合征的主要罹患人群,需要对此类人群加强发热伴血小板减少综合征防控,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients in Anhui Province.Methods The united questionnaire was used to investigate the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients,and the descriptive and analytical methods were employed to analyze the characteristics of patients.Results There were 514 SFTS patients in our study,and the epidemic season was from May to October.The median age of patients was 64 years old,and patients over 40 years old accounted for 90.4%.85.2% of patients were farmers,and 85.7% of patients lived in hilly or mountainous areas one month before the onset of the disease.The outdoor activities of patients included planting(55.0%),tea picking(22.3%),and mowing(18.7%).16.0% of patients reported that they had a history of tick bitten,5.4% of patients reported a history of contacting similar patients,and 44.4% of patients had a domestic animal.The initial symptoms and signs included fever(98.0%),fatigue(83.9%),chills(60.8%),thrombocytopenia(100%),and leukopenia(100.0%).The average interval from onset to visit a doctor was 3.1 days,and the average interval from onset to hospitalization was 5.8 days.Conclusion Farmers over 40 years old living in hilly or mountainous areas are the risk population of SFTS,and the precaution measures for target population should be strengthened.

关 键 词：发热伴血小板减少综合征 流行病学 临床 新发传染病 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]