氮、锌肥配施对小麦根系氮、锌含量和氮、锌代谢相关酶活性的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen and Zinc Fertilizers on Nitrogen and Zinc Contents and Activities of Enzymes Related with Nitrogen and Zinc Metabolism of Wheat Root

作　　者：张均[1] 梁振凯 李友军[1] ZHANG Jun;LIANG Zhenkai;LI Youjun(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Sciences and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2019年第8期18-26,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31501258)

摘　　要：以豫麦66(根系较发达型)和豫麦49-198(根系欠发达型)为供试材料,在3个供氮水平[0(N1)、120(N2)、240(N3)kg/hm2]和3个供锌水平[0(Zn1)、15(Zn2)、30(Zn3)kg/hm2]下,通过盆栽试验分析不同氮、锌肥配施对不同类型小麦根系氮、锌含量和氮、锌代谢相关酶活性的影响,以筛选出适宜豫西旱地小麦栽培的最佳氮、锌肥组合。结果表明,适当增施氮、锌肥可提高小麦根系全氮含量、锌含量、硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酸合成酶活性、色氨酸合成酶活性和植酸酶活性,且这些指标总体上均随着生育进程的推进呈先升高后降低的趋势。对于豫麦66,N2Zn2处理根中全氮含量在拔节期及之前高于其他处理,拔节期之后根中全氮含量开始下降;除拔节期、灌浆期外,其余时期根中锌含量均以N2Zn3处理最高,N2Zn2处理次之;根系硝酸还原酶活性以N2Zn2处理最高,越冬期-挑旗期,较N1Zn1处理显著提高18.8%~70.7%;根系谷氨酸合成酶、植酸酶活性均以N2Zn2处理最高,谷氨酸合成酶活性较N1Zn1处理显著提高0.8~2.4倍,植酸酶活性较其他处理提高16.7%~50.0%;根系色氨酸合成酶活性总体以N2Zn3处理最高,N2Zn2处理次之。对于豫麦49-198,根中全氮含量总体以N2Zn2处理最高,较N1Zn1处理显著提高34.9%~87.7%;分蘖期、越冬期、拔节期、挑旗期根中锌含量均以N3Zn3处理最高,其余时期总体以N2Zn2处理最高;越冬期-挑旗期,根系硝酸还原酶活性以N2Zn2处理最高;根系谷氨酸合成酶活性总体以N2Zn2处理最高,较最低的N1Zn1处理显著提高41.8%~200.0%;根系色氨酸合成酶活性总体以N2Zn3处理最高,N1Zn1、N2Zn2、N3Zn3处理较高;根系植酸酶活性以N2Zn2处理最高。综合分析可知,本试验条件下,N2Zn2为最佳氮、锌肥组合。The Yumai 66 (type with more developed root) and Yumai 49-198 (type with less developed root) were taken as materials,and the effects of combined application of different nitrogen and zinc ferti-lizers on nitrogen and zinc contents and activities of enzymes related with nitrogen and zinc metabolism of different types of wheat roots were studied under three nitrogen levels[0(N1)、120(N2)、240(N3) kg/ha ] and three zinc levels[0(Zn1)、15(Zn2)、30(Zn3)kg/ha]by pot test,so as to screen the optimal combination of nitrogen and zinc fertilizers which was suitable for wheat cultivation in the dry land of western Henan.The results showed that appropriate application of nitrogen and zinc fertilizers could increase total nitrogen content,zinc content,nitrate reductase activity,glutamate synthase activity,tryptophan synthase activity and phytase activity of wheat root.These indexes generally increased first and then decreased with the growth and development of wheat.For Yumai 66,the total nitrogen content of the root of N2Zn2 treatment was higher at elongation stage and before than that of other treatments,and then it began to decrease;except the elongation stage and filling stage,the zinc content of root was the highest in N2Zn3 treatment at other stages,followed by N2Zn2 treatment;the nitrate reductase activity of root was the highest in N2Zn2 treatment,which significantly increased by 18.8%-70.7% compared with N1Zn1 treatment from wintering stage to flag stage;the activities of glutamate synthetase and phytase of root were the highest in N2Zn2 treatment,which significantly increased by 0.8-2.4 times compared with N1Zn1 treatment,16.7%-50.0% compared with the other treatments,respectively;overall,the activity of tryptophan synthase of root was the highest in N2Zn3 treatment,followed by N2Zn2 treatment.For Yumai 49-198,the total nitrogen content of root was the highest in N2Zn2 treatment,which significantly increased by 34.9%-87.7% compared with N1Zn1 treatment;the zinc content of root was the highest in N3Zn3 treatment

关 键 词：小麦 氮、锌配施 根系 氮、锌代谢相关酶活性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]