微细钻头螺旋槽刃磨试验研究  

Research on Grinding Experiment of the Micro-drill Flute

作　　者：梁志强[1] 郭海新 张素燕 王西彬[1] 周天丰[1] 刘志兵[1] 李玉 陈建军 LIANG Zhiqiang;GUO Haixin;ZHANG Suyan;WANG Xibin;ZHOU Tianfeng;LIU Zhibing;LI Yu;CHEN Jianjun(Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for Advanced Machining, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081;School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081;North General Power Group Co., Ltd., Datong 037036)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学先进加工技术国防重点学科实验室,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081 [3]北方通用动力集团有限公司,大同037036

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2019年第13期185-194,共10页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575049);基础科研(DEDPHF);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划，2015CB059900);微系统与微结构制造教育部重点试验室开放课题研究(2015KM005)资助项目

摘　　要：螺旋槽几何结构是影响钻头切削性能和微孔加工质量的重要因素。螺旋槽形状主要取决于刃磨参数、砂轮形状参数以及砂轮位置参数,通过调整砂轮的形状与位置参数即可以获得所需的螺旋槽形状。通过分析砂轮和螺旋槽之间的相对运动关系,建立微细钻头螺旋槽型的刃磨数学模型,并基于Matlab软件对螺旋槽刃磨截形进行了数值仿真,分析了砂轮形状与位置参数对螺旋槽形状、径向前角和螺旋槽宽度的影响规律。研究结果表明砂轮边缘宽度、砂轮锥角、砂轮偏置角度和砂轮偏移距离对螺旋槽截形有明显的影响。随着砂轮边缘宽度和砂轮锥角的增大,径向前角没有变化,但是螺旋槽宽度增大,容屑空间明显增大;随着砂轮偏置角度的增大,螺旋槽径向前角明显增大,螺旋槽宽度减小;随着砂轮偏移距离的增大,径向前角变化较小,而螺旋槽宽度明显增大。基于所建立的刃磨数学模型,刃磨出不同螺旋槽型微细钻头,证实刃磨结果与仿真结果具有较好的一致性。采用所制备的微细钻头进行钻削试验,验证了螺旋槽结构对容屑与排屑能力具有重要影响。Drill flute has a great influence on the drilling performance of micro-drill, and its profile largely depends on the grinding parameters, wheel profile and position. It is promising to obtain a desired flute profile with a standard wheel by adjusting the wheel position parameters. Based on the relative motion of drill flute and wheel, the grinding mathematical model of flute profile of micro-drill is proposed. Then considering the wheel profile and position, the flute profile is simulated by Matlab software. The radial rake angle and flute width are quantitatively calculated. The simulated results show that the wheel edge width, wheel inclined angle, wheel offset angle and distance have an obvious effect on the flute profile. With the increase of the wheel edge width and wheel inclined angle, the radial rake angle has no obvious change, but the flute width and chip space increase obviously. With the increased wheel offset angle, the radial rake angle increases obviously and the flute width decreases. However, with the increased wheel offset distance, the radial rake angle has no obvious change, but the flute width increases obviously. Based on the established mathematical model of grinding, micro drills with different flute profiles are fabricated, which confirms that the grinding results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The drilling experiment is carried out using the micro drills, which verified that the flute structure has an important influence on the chip removal capacity.

关 键 词：螺旋槽形状 微细钻头 砂轮形状参数 砂轮位置参数 刃磨 

分 类 号：TG713[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]