基于实时参数的大气折射模型和射电望远镜指向修正方法  

Astronomical Refraction Model Based on Real-time Parameters and Research of Radio Telescope Pointing Calibration Method

作　　者：武宇翔 张洪波[1,2] 孔德庆 朱新颖[1] 赵融冰 虞林峰[3] WU Yu-xiang;ZHANG Hong-bo;KONG De-qing;ZHU Xin-ying;ZHAO Rong-bing;YU Lin-feng(Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China;Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台中国科学院月球与深空探测重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030

出　　处：《光子学报》2019年第8期36-43,共8页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-中国科学院天文联合基金(Nos.U1831114,U1431104);国家自然科学基金(No.11303058)~~

摘　　要：在传统射电望远镜指向误差修正模型的基础上,考虑大气折射对指向精度的影响,提出了一种利用实时的温度、大气压强和相对湿度等数据实现大气折射角度精确计算的指向修正模型.针对不同的气象条件,对这一模型和传统模型的修正精度进行了仿真分析和对比,并将该模型应用到了上海天文台天马站65米射电望远镜的指向修正中.在65米射电望远镜Ku频段的观测实验验证表明,新的指向修正模型优于传统模型,65米指向精度在20°仰角以下提高了25.8%,15°仰角以下提高了45%,10°仰角以下提高了60%,总的俯仰指向精度达到5.00″,比传统方法提高了5.3%.基本消除了由大气折射引起的低仰角指向精度恶化.Astronomical refraction in pointing error of large radio telescope was considered.An astronomical refraction model using real-time measured temperature,pressure and relative humidity was newly applied to pointing error calibration model.A simulation was used to compare traditional and real-time astronomical refraction model in different weather conditions.This calibration model was applied to pointing calibration of Shanghai Tianma 65 m Radio Telescope.The Ku-band experiment showed that the real-time astronomical refraction model is better than the traditional model.Pointing accuracy is 25.8%better under elevation of 20°,45%better under elevation of 15°and 60%better under elevation of 10°.Pointing accuracy is 5.0″,which is 5.3%better than traditional model.The worsening of pointing accuracy at low elevation caused by astronomical refraction is basically removed.

关 键 词：指向精度 大气折射模型 模拟实验 射电望远镜 实时修正 

分 类 号：P111.44[天文地球—天文学]